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Curriculum (Switzerland)

Mathematics — Grade 4

Imaginesis: printable math worksheets for this grade (Switzerland) — word problems with hints, answer keys and step-by-step solutions as PDF, also as a test in two to four groups (A–D).

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For a test or quiz: print in up to four groups (A–D) — same layout, different numbers and a different order of answer options in each group, one shared answer key.

Mathematics in Grade 4 of Primary School: numbers up to one million, mental and written arithmetic, fractions, areas, units of measurement and value tables. Each topic includes sample tasks for printable worksheets with solutions.

What does a child learn in 4th grade in mathematics?

In 4th grade, the child reads and orders numbers up to one million, calculates with up to four significant digits mentally and with their own calculation methods, and divides by single-digit numbers. They recognise numbers divisible by 2, 5, 10 and 100, represent fractions and compare them. In geometry and measurements: count areas using unit squares, area of rectangles and squares, nets of cubes and cuboids, convert units of measurement and continue proportional value tables.

On the curriculum: The basis is the Lehrplan 21, subject area Mathematics (template of the German-speaking Swiss Conference of Cantonal Ministers of Education, revised version dated 29.02.2016). It describes competencies not year by year but in cycles; 4th grade belongs to the 2nd cycle (3rd to 6th grade). The assignment of the tasks to 4th grade comes from us and follows the usual structure of the content. The competency levels of the cycle are given verbatim in the block below; cantonal curricula may differ slightly.

Curriculum scope

  1. Curriculum point MA.1.A.1 · Teaching content · checked against the act

    The students understand and use arithmetic terms and symbols. They read and write numbers.

    our translation · original wording (DE): Die Schülerinnen und Schüler verstehen und verwenden arithmetische Begriffe und Symbole. Sie lesen und schreiben Zahlen.

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.1.A.1

  2. Curriculum point MA.1.A.1.d · Teaching content · checked against the act

    understand and use the term "divided by" and the symbol :.

    our translation · original wording (DE): verstehen und verwenden den Begriff durch und das Symbol :.

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.1.A.1.d

    Division in the Times Table: The Reverse of Multiplication (we teach it in grade 3–6)

  3. Curriculum point MA.1.A.1.e · Teaching content · checked against the act

    understand and use the terms addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, remainder, number line, square number, hundreds, thousands, place values. can read and write natural numbers up to 1'000.

    our translation · original wording (DE): verstehen und verwenden die Begriffe Addition, Subtraktion, Multiplikation, Division, Rest, Zahlenstrahl, Quadratzahl, Hunderter, Tausender, Stellenwerte. können natürliche Zahlen bis 1'000 lesen und schreiben.

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.1.A.1.e

    Understanding Place Values of Three-Digit Numbers (we teach it in grade 3–6) · Reading and writing numbers up to 1000 (we teach it in grade 1–6) · Tens jump on the number line (we teach it in grade 1–6)

  4. Curriculum point MA.1.A.1.f · Teaching content · checked against the act

    understand and use the terms addend, sum, difference, factor, product, quotient. can read and write natural numbers up to 1 million.

    our translation · original wording (DE): verstehen und verwenden die Begriffe Summand, Summe, Differenz, Faktor, Produkt, Quotient. können natürliche Zahlen bis 1 Million lesen und schreiben.

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.1.A.1.f

    Reading, writing and comparing large numbers up to 1 million (we teach it in grade 3–6)

  5. Curriculum point MA.1.A.1.g · Teaching content · checked against the act

    understand and use the terms fraction, percent, factor, multiples, numerator, denominator, estimate, round. use the symbols %, ≈. can read and write decimal numbers and fractions.

    our translation · original wording (DE): verstehen und verwenden die Begriffe Bruch, Prozent, Teiler, Vielfache, Zähler, Nenner, überschlagen, runden. verwenden die Symbole %, ≈. können Dezimalzahlen und Brüche lesen und schreiben.

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.1.A.1.g

    Recognizing Halves and Quarters (we teach it in grade 1–6) · Finding the divisors of a number (we teach it in grade 3–9) · Reading and writing decimal numbers (we teach it in grade 3–6)

  6. Curriculum point MA.1.A.2 · Teaching content · checked against the act

    Students can count flexibly, order numbers by size and estimate results.

    our translation · original wording (DE): Die Schülerinnen und Schüler können flexibel zählen, Zahlen nach der Grösse ordnen und Ergebnisse überschlagen.

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.1.A.2

  7. Curriculum point MA.1.A.2.d · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can count forwards and backwards from any numbers within the number range up to 100. can count forwards and backwards from any multiples of 10 in steps of 2, 5 and 10 within the number range up to 100.

    our translation · original wording (DE): können im Zahlenraum bis 100 von beliebigen Zahlen aus vorwärts und rückwärts zählen. können im Zahlenraum bis 100 von beliebigen 10er-Zahlen aus in 2er-, 5er- und 10er-Schritten vorwärts und rückwärts zählen.

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.1.A.2.d

    Counting forwards and backwards in equal steps (we teach it in grade 1–6) · Finding the Successor and Predecessor of a Number (we teach it in grade 1–6)

  8. Curriculum point MA.1.A.2.e · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can count forwards and backwards in the number range up to 1'000 in 1s, 2s, 10s and 100s, starting from any number. can order numbers up to 1'000.

    our translation · original wording (DE): können im Zahlenraum bis 1'000 von beliebigen Zahlen aus in 1er-, 2er-, 10er- und 100er-Schritten vorwärts und rückwärts zählen. können Zahlen bis 1'000 ordnen.

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.1.A.2.e

    Compare and order numbers up to 1000 (we teach it in grade 3–6) · Counting forwards and backwards in equal steps (we teach it in grade 1–6)

  9. Curriculum point MA.1.A.2.f · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can count forwards and backwards in appropriate steps within the number range up to 1 million, starting from any numbers (e.g. from 320'000 in steps of 20'000). can order numbers up to 1 million (e.g. determine the approximate position of 72'000 on a number line).

    our translation · original wording (DE): können im Zahlenraum bis 1 Million von beliebigen Zahlen aus in angemessenen Schritten vorwärts und rückwärts zählen (z.B. von 320'000 in 20'000er-Schritten). können Zahlen bis 1 Million ordnen (z.B. die ungefähre Position von 72'000 auf einem Zahlenstrahl bestimmen).

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.1.A.2.f

    Reading, writing and comparing large numbers up to 1 million (we teach it in grade 3–6) · Tens jump on the number line (we teach it in grade 1–6)

  10. Curriculum point MA.1.A.2.g · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can count forwards and backwards from any decimal numbers in appropriate steps (e.g. from 0.725 in steps of 0.005). can order fractions with the denominators 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 20, 50, 100. can order decimal numbers (e.g. 1.043; 1.43; 1.05; 1.5; 1.403). can estimate basic operations with natural numbers (e.g. 13'567 + 28'902 ≈ 40'000; 592'000 : 195 ≈ 600'000 : 200).

    our translation · original wording (DE): können von beliebigen Dezimalzahlen aus in angemessenen Schritten vorwärts und rückwärts zählen (z.B. von 0.725 in 0.005er-Schritten). können Brüche mit den Nennern 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 20, 50, 100 ordnen. können Dezimalzahlen ordnen (z.B. 1.043; 1.43; 1.05; 1.5; 1.403). können Grundoperationen mit natürlichen Zahlen überschlagen (z.B. 13'567 + 28'902 ≈ 40'000; 592'000 : 195 ≈ 600'000 : 200).

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.1.A.2.g

    Comparing fractions with different numerators and denominators by size (we teach it in grade 4–6) · Estimating the approximate result in advance (we teach it in grade 3–9)

  11. Curriculum point MA.1.A.3 · Teaching content · checked against the act

    The students can add, subtract, multiply, divide and exponentiate.

    our translation · original wording (DE): Die Schülerinnen und Schüler können addieren, subtrahieren, multiplizieren, dividieren und potenzieren.

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.1.A.3

  12. Curriculum point MA.1.A.3.c · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can double, halve, add and subtract in the number range up to 100. know products from the small multiplication table with the factors 2, 5 and 10. can decompose products from the small multiplication table into factors (e.g. 36 = 6 · 6 = 4 · 9).

    our translation · original wording (DE): können im Zahlenraum bis 100 verdoppeln, halbieren, addieren und subtrahieren. kennen Produkte aus dem kleinen Einmaleins mit den Faktoren 2, 5 und 10. können Produkte aus dem kleinen Einmaleins in Faktoren zerlegen (z.B. 36 = 6 · 6 = 4 · 9).

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.1.A.3.c

    Addition up to 100 with crossing the tens (we teach it in grade 1–6) · Reliably recalling the basic multiplication facts up to 100 (we teach it in grade 3–6)

  13. Curriculum point MA.1.A.3.d · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can note down calculation methods when adding and subtracting and check the results. can add and subtract in writing. know the products of the small multiplication table.

    our translation · original wording (DE): können beim Addieren und Subtrahieren Rechenwege notieren und Ergebnisse überprüfen. können schriftlich addieren und subtrahieren. kennen die Produkte des kleinen Einmaleins.

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.1.A.3.d

    Adding and subtracting in writing (we teach it in grade 3–6) · Adding and subtracting in written form (we teach it in grade 3–6) · Reliably recalling the basic multiplication facts up to 100 (we teach it in grade 3–6) · Division in the Times Table: The Reverse of Multiplication (we teach it in grade 3–6)

  14. Curriculum point MA.1.A.3.e · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can add and subtract up to 4 significant digits mentally (e.g. 320'000 + 38'000; 402 + 90). can multiply up to 4 significant digits (mentally or by writing down own calculation methods, e.g. 45 · 240). can divide natural numbers by one-digit divisors (mentally or by writing down own calculation methods, e.g. 231 : 7).

    our translation · original wording (DE): können bis 4 Wertziffern im Kopf addieren und subtrahieren (z.B. 320'000 + 38'000; 402 + 90). können bis 4 Wertziffern multiplizieren (im Kopf oder mit Notieren eigener Rechenwege, z.B. 45 · 240). können natürliche Zahlen durch einstellige Divisoren dividieren (im Kopf oder mit Notieren eigener Rechenwege, z.B. 231 : 7).

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.1.A.3.e

    Calculating smartly: rearranging numbers cleverly (we teach it in grade 3–6) · Single-digit number times tens number (we teach it in grade 3–6) · Doubling two-digit numbers (we teach it in grade 3–6) · Multiplying Multi-Digit Numbers by a Single Digit (we teach it in grade 3–6) · Division by a single-digit number (we teach it in grade 3–6)

  15. Curriculum point MA.1.A.3.f · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can add and subtract decimal numbers with up to 5 significant digits (mentally or by writing down their own calculation methods, e.g. 30.8 + 5.6). can simplify, expand, add and subtract fractions with the denominators 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 20, 50, 100 using the rectangle model. can carry out basic operations with a calculator.

    our translation · original wording (DE): können Dezimalzahlen bis 5 Wertziffern addieren und subtrahieren (im Kopf oder mit Notieren eigener Rechenwege, z.B. 30.8 + 5.6). können Brüche mit den Nennern 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 20, 50, 100 am Rechteckmodell kürzen, erweitern, addieren und subtrahieren. können Grundoperationen mit dem Rechner ausführen.

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.1.A.3.f

    Adding and Subtracting Decimal Numbers (we teach it in grade 4–6) · Simplifying fractions: value stays the same (we teach it in grade 4–6)

  16. Curriculum point MA.1.A.4 · Teaching content · checked against the act

    The students can compare and transform terms, solve equations, apply laws and rules.

    our translation · original wording (DE): Die Schülerinnen und Schüler können Terme vergleichen und umformen, Gleichungen lösen, Gesetze und Regeln anwenden.

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.1.A.4

  17. Curriculum point MA.1.A.4.d · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can use relationships between products (e.g. 6 · 8 is 8 greater than 5 · 8 or with the commutative law: e.g. 8 · 3 = 3 · 8).

    our translation · original wording (DE): können Beziehungen zwischen Produkten nutzen (z.B. 6 · 8 ist um 8 grösser als 5 · 8 oder mit dem Kommutativgesetz: z.B. 8 · 3 = 3 · 8).

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.1.A.4.d

    Reliably recalling the basic multiplication facts up to 100 (we teach it in grade 3–6) · Sums cleverly rearranging and decomposing (we teach it in grade 1–6)

  18. Curriculum point MA.1.A.4.e · Teaching content · checked against the act

    understand division as the inverse operation of multiplication and the connection to addition (e.g. 28 : 7 = 4 → 28 = 4 · 7 → 28 = 7 + 7 + 7 + 7). can use relationships between the small times tables and the tens times tables.

    our translation · original wording (DE): verstehen die Division als Umkehroperation der Multiplikation und den Zusammenhang zur Addition (z.B. 28 : 7 = 4 → 28 = 4 · 7 → 28 = 7 + 7 + 7 + 7). können Beziehungen zwischen dem kleinen Einmaleins und dem Zehnereinmaleins nutzen.

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.1.A.4.e

    Division in the Times Table: The Reverse of Multiplication (we teach it in grade 3–6) · Checking calculations with the inverse operation (we teach it in grade 1–6) · Multiplying numbers below 20 by 10 (we teach it in grade 3–6)

  19. Curriculum point MA.1.A.4.f · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can transform products by doubling and halving (e.g. 8 · 26 = 4 · 52 = 2 · 104). can use the associative law for sums and products (e.g. 136 + 58 + 42 = 136 + (58 + 42); 38 · 4 · 25 = 38 · (4 · 25)). can round natural numbers to 10s, 100s and 1'000s.

    our translation · original wording (DE): können Produkte durch Verdoppeln und Halbieren umformen (z.B. 8 · 26 = 4 · 52 = 2 · 104). können das Assoziativgesetz bei Summen und Produkten nutzen (z.B. 136 + 58 + 42 = 136 + (58 + 42); 38 · 4 · 25 = 38 · (4 · 25)). können natürliche Zahlen auf 10er, 100er und 1'000er runden.

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.1.A.4.f

    Calculating smartly: rearranging numbers cleverly (we teach it in grade 3–6) · Rounding to tens and hundreds (we teach it in grade 3–6)

  20. Curriculum point MA.1.A.4.g · Teaching content · checked against the act

    recognise numbers that are divisible by 2, 5, 10, 100, 1'000. can round decimal numbers (e.g. 17'456 to the nearest hundred; 1.745 to the nearest tenth).

    our translation · original wording (DE): erkennen Zahlen, die durch 2, 5, 10, 100, 1'000 teilbar sind. können Dezimalzahlen runden (z.B. 17'456 auf 100er; 1.745 auf Zehntel).

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.1.A.4.g

    Recognizing divisibility: by 2, 5, 10 and 9 (we teach it in grade 4–9) · Rounding decimal numbers: tenths and hundredths (we teach it in grade 4–9)

  21. Curriculum point MA.1.B.1 · Teaching content · checked against the act

    The students can explore number and operation relationships as well as arithmetic patterns and exchange findings.

    our translation · original wording (DE): Die Schülerinnen und Schüler können Zahl- und Operationsbeziehungen sowie arithmetische Muster erforschen und Erkenntnisse austauschen.

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.1.B.1

  22. Curriculum point MA.1.B.1.d · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can systematically vary products and describe the effects or show them with visual aids (e.g. 3 · 3, 6 · 3; 3 · 4, 6 · 4; 3 · 5, 6 · 5). look for their own solution strategies and exchange them.

    our translation · original wording (DE): können Produkte systematisch variieren und Auswirkungen beschreiben bzw. mit Anschauungsmaterial zeigen (z.B. 3 · 3, 6 · 3; 3 · 4, 6 · 4; 3 · 5, 6 · 5). suchen eigene Lösungswege und tauschen sie aus.

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.1.B.1.d

  23. Curriculum point MA.1.B.1.e · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can systematically vary operations and exchange insights (e.g. with 3 numbers < 10 form the same results: 30 = 8 · 3 + 6 = 7 · 4 + 2 = 7 · 3 + 9; 32 = ...).

    our translation · original wording (DE): können Operationen systematisch variieren und Erkenntnisse austauschen (z.B. mit 3 Zahlen < 10 gleiche Ergebnisse bilden: 30 = 8 · 3 + 6 = 7 · 4 + 2 = 7 · 3 + 9; 32 = ...).

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.1.B.1.e

  24. Curriculum point MA.1.B.1.f · Teaching content · checked against the act

    engage in open tasks, explore relationships, formulate conjectures and look for alternative solutions.

    our translation · original wording (DE): lassen sich auf offene Aufgaben ein, erforschen Beziehungen, formulieren Vermutungen und suchen Lösungsalternativen.

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.1.B.1.f

  25. Curriculum point MA.1.B.1.g · Teaching content · checked against the act

    are able to explore and describe operational relationships between natural numbers (e.g. the difference of 2 reverse numbers is a multiple of 9: 41 - 14 = 27; 83 - 38 = 45).

    our translation · original wording (DE): können operative Beziehungen zwischen natürlichen Zahlen erforschen und beschreiben (z.B. die Differenz von 2 Umkehrzahlen ist ein Vielfaches von 9: 41 - 14 = 27; 83 - 38 = 45).

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.1.B.1.g

  26. Curriculum point MA.1.B.1.h · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can use heuristic strategies: trying out, looking for examples, forming analogies, investigating regularities, making assumptions, formulating conjectures. can form, continue, modify and describe systematic task sequences (e.g. on a number table, cover 5 numbers with a figure and calculate the sum. Shift the figure by one, two, three, ... position(s)).

    our translation · original wording (DE): können heuristische Strategien verwenden: ausprobieren, Beispiele suchen, Analogien bilden, Regelmässigkeiten untersuchen, Annahmen treffen, Vermutungen formulieren. können systematische Aufgabenfolgen bilden, weiterführen, verändern und beschreiben (z.B. auf einer Zahlentafel 5 Zahlen mit einer Figur abdecken und die Summe berechnen. Die Figur um eine, zwei, drei, ... Position(en) verschieben).

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.1.B.1.h

  27. Curriculum point MA.1.B.2 · Teaching content · checked against the act

    Students can explain, verify and justify statements, conjectures and results about numbers and variables.

    our translation · original wording (DE): Die Schülerinnen und Schüler können Aussagen, Vermutungen und Ergebnisse zu Zahlen und Variablen erläutern, überprüfen, begründen.

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.1.B.2

  28. Curriculum point MA.1.B.2.d · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can check quotients using the inverse operation (e.g. 21 : 3 = 7 → 7 · 3 = 21).

    our translation · original wording (DE): können Quotienten mit der Umkehroperation überprüfen (z.B. 21 : 3 = 7 → 7 · 3 = 21).

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.1.B.2.d

    Checking calculations with the inverse operation (we teach it in grade 1–6)

  29. Curriculum point MA.1.B.2.e · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can justify divisions with remainder using the inverse operation (e.g. 32 : 6 leaves a remainder because 32 is not a number in the 6 times table).

    our translation · original wording (DE): können Divisionen mit Rest mit der Umkehroperation begründen (z.B. 32 : 6 gibt Rest, weil 32 keine Zahl aus der 6er-Reihe ist).

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.1.B.2.e

    Checking calculations with the inverse operation (we teach it in grade 1–6)

  30. Curriculum point MA.1.B.2.f · Teaching content · checked against the act

    Can check results using estimation calculations. Can investigate and justify the number of digits of products and quotients.

    our translation · original wording (DE): können Ergebnisse mit Überschlagsrechnungen überprüfen. können die Anzahl Stellen von Produkten und Quotienten erforschen und begründen.

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.1.B.2.f

    Estimating the approximate result in advance (we teach it in grade 3–9)

  31. Curriculum point MA.1.B.2.g · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can check results of basic operations by simplifying (e.g. 8 · 13 = 4 · 26 = 2 · 52), decomposing (e.g. 17.8 + 23.5 = 17 + 3 + 20 + 1.3) and using inverse operations

    our translation · original wording (DE): können Ergebnisse zu Grundoperationen durch Vereinfachen (z.B. 8 · 13 = 4 · 26 = 2 · 52), Zerlegen (z.B. 17.8 + 23.5 = 17 + 3 + 20 + 1.3) und Umkehroperationen überprüfen.

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.1.B.2.g

    Finding and correcting calculation errors (we teach it in grade 2–6) · Calculating smartly: rearranging numbers cleverly (we teach it in grade 3–6)

  32. Curriculum point MA.1.B.3 · Teaching content · checked against the act

    Pupils can use aids when exploring arithmetic patterns.

    our translation · original wording (DE): Die Schülerinnen und Schüler können beim Erforschen arithmetischer Muster Hilfsmittel nutzen.

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.1.B.3

  33. Curriculum point MA.1.B.3.c · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can use place-value charts when exploring arithmetic structures (e.g. placing counters into the place-value chart and moving them).

    our translation · original wording (DE): können Stellenwerttafel beim Erforschen arithmetischer Strukturen nutzen (z.B. Plättchen in die Stellenwerttafel legen und verschieben).

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.1.B.3.c

    Understanding Place Values of Three-Digit Numbers (we teach it in grade 3–6) · Reading, writing and comparing large numbers up to 1 million (we teach it in grade 3–6)

  34. Curriculum point MA.1.B.3.d · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can follow instructions for sequences of actions (e.g. in flowcharts) and use them when exploring arithmetic structures (e.g. 1. Start with a two-digit number / 2. If the number is even: Divide by 2, otherwise: Multiply by 3 and add 1 / 3. Repeat 2.).

    our translation · original wording (DE): können Anweisungen zu Handlungssequenzen (z.B. in Flussdiagrammen) befolgen und beim Erforschen arithmetischer Strukturen nutzen (z.B. 1. Starte mit einer zweistelligen Zahl / 2. Wenn die Zahl gerade ist: Dividiere durch 2, sonst: Multipliziere mit 3 und addiere 1 / 3. Wiederhole 2.).

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.1.B.3.d

    Filling in Value Tables: Recognizing and Applying the Rule (we teach it in grade 2–6)

  35. Curriculum point MA.1.C.1 · Teaching content · checked against the act

    The students can present, describe, exchange and follow calculation methods.

    our translation · original wording (DE): Die Schülerinnen und Schüler können Rechenwege darstellen, beschreiben, austauschen und nachvollziehen.

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.1.C.1

  36. Curriculum point MA.1.C.1.d · Teaching content · checked against the act

    recognize multiplicative relationships in graphic models, in particular doublings and 1 · more or 1 · less (e.g. 3 · 4 and 6 · 4 in a dot array as a doubling).

    our translation · original wording (DE): erkennen in grafischen Modellen multiplikative Beziehungen, insbesondere Verdoppelungen und 1 · mehr bzw. 1 · weniger (z.B. 3 · 4 und 6 · 4 in einem Punktefeld als Verdoppelung).

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.1.C.1.d

    Reliably recalling the basic multiplication facts up to 100 (we teach it in grade 3–6)

  37. Curriculum point MA.1.C.1.e · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can represent, exchange and comprehend calculation methods for the basic operations (e.g. 80 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 = 80 + 4 · 5; 347 - 160 → 160 + 40 + 147 = 347).

    our translation · original wording (DE): können Rechenwege zu den Grundoperationen darstellen, austauschen und nachvollziehen (z.B. 80 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 = 80 + 4 · 5; 347 - 160 → 160 + 40 + 147 = 347).

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.1.C.1.e

    Calculating smartly: rearranging numbers cleverly (we teach it in grade 3–6)

  38. Curriculum point MA.1.C.1.f · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can represent, exchange and follow calculation methods for basic operations with decimal numbers (e.g. decompose 35.7 + 67.8 into several addends and represent it on the number line).

    our translation · original wording (DE): können Rechenwege zu Grundoperationen mit Dezimalzahlen darstellen, austauschen und nachvollziehen (z.B. 35.7 + 67.8 in mehrere Summanden zerlegen und auf dem Rechenstrich darstellen).

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.1.C.1.f

    Adding and Subtracting Decimal Numbers (we teach it in grade 4–6)

  39. Curriculum point MA.1.C.2 · Teaching content · checked against the act

    Students can illustrate, describe and generalize quantities, number sequences and terms.

    our translation · original wording (DE): Die Schülerinnen und Schüler können Anzahlen, Zahlenfolgen und Terme veranschaulichen, beschreiben und verallgemeinern.

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.1.C.2

  40. Curriculum point MA.1.C.2.d · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can illustrate basic operations with actions, situational pictures, arithmetic stories and graphic structures, and interpret illustrations. can show and describe relationships in and between basic operations (e.g. the change in the products 1 · 3, 2 · 4, 3 · 5, 4 · 6, ...).

    our translation · original wording (DE): können Grundoperationen mit Handlungen, Sachbildern, Rechengeschichten und grafischen Strukturen veranschaulichen und Veranschaulichungen interpretieren. können Beziehungen in und zwischen Grundoperationen zeigen und beschreiben (z.B. die Veränderung der Produkte 1 · 3, 2 · 4, 3 · 5, 4 · 6, ...).

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.1.C.2.d

    Solving Simple Word Problems (we teach it in grade 1–6) · Reliably recalling the basic multiplication facts up to 100 (we teach it in grade 3–6)

  41. Curriculum point MA.1.C.2.e · Teaching content · checked against the act

    are able to represent the meaning of the digits in the place-value system (e.g. 2 hundred flats, 5 ten rods and 7 unit cubes represent 257).

    our translation · original wording (DE): können die Bedeutung der Ziffern im Stellenwertsystem darstellen (z.B. 2 100er-Platten, 5 10-er-Stäbe und 7 1er-Würfel stellen 257 dar).

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.1.C.2.e

    Understanding Place Values of Three-Digit Numbers (we teach it in grade 3–6)

  42. Curriculum point MA.1.C.2.f · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can illustrate number sequences and products (e.g. 14 · 14 with the multiplication grid; the number sequence 1, 3, 6, 10, ... with dots).

    our translation · original wording (DE): können Zahlenfolgen und Produkte veranschaulichen (z.B. 14 · 14 mit dem Malkreuz; die Zahlenfolge 1, 3, 6, 10, ... mit Punkten).

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.1.C.2.f

  43. Curriculum point MA.1.C.2.g · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can illustrate regularities in the domain of natural numbers with examples (e.g. square numbers have an odd number of divisors → 16: 1, 2, 4, 8, 16). can represent fractions with denominators 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10 and compare them, as well as interpret representations (e.g. circle and rectangle models, number line). can describe number sequences with positive rational numbers (e.g. ½, ¼, ⅛, ...; 0.7, 0.77, 0.777, ...).

    our translation · original wording (DE): können Gesetzmässigkeiten im Bereich der natürlichen Zahlen mit Beispielen konkretisieren (z.B. Quadratzahlen haben eine ungerade Anzahl Teiler → 16: 1, 2, 4, 8, 16). können Brüche mit den Nennern 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10 darstellen und vergleichen sowie Darstellungen interpretieren (z.B. Kreis-, Rechteckmodell, Zahlenstrahl). können Zahlenfolgen mit positiven rationalen Zahlen beschreiben (z.B. ½, ¼, ⅛, ...; 0.7, 0.77, 0.777, ...).

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.1.C.2.g

    Finding the divisors of a number (we teach it in grade 3–9) · Recognizing Halves and Quarters (we teach it in grade 1–6) · Comparing fractions with different numerators and denominators by size (we teach it in grade 4–6)

  44. Curriculum point MA.2.A.1 · Teaching content · checked against the act

    The students understand and use terms and symbols.

    our translation · original wording (DE): Die Schülerinnen und Schüler verstehen und verwenden Begriffe und Symbole.

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.2.A.1

  45. Curriculum point MA.2.A.1.d · Teaching content · checked against the act

    understand and use the terms figure, length, width, area, body, reflect, shift.

    our translation · original wording (DE): verstehen und verwenden die Begriffe Figur, Länge, Breite, Fläche, Körper, spiegeln, verschieben.

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.2.A.1.d

  46. Curriculum point MA.2.A.1.e · Teaching content · checked against the act

    understand and use the terms point, corner, edge, face, cube, cuboid.

    our translation · original wording (DE): verstehen und verwenden die Begriffe Punkt, Ecke, Kante, Seitenfläche, Würfel, Quader.

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.2.A.1.e

    Recognizing and naming geometric solids (we teach it in grade 1–6) · Corners, Edges and Faces of Prisms and Pyramids (we teach it in grade 4–9)

  47. Curriculum point MA.2.A.1.f · Teaching content · checked against the act

    recognize and name geometric solids (cube, cuboid, sphere, cylinder, pyramid) and shapes in the environment and in pictures.

    our translation · original wording (DE): erkennen und benennen geometrische Körper (Würfel, Quader, Kugel, Zylinder, Pyramide) und Figuren in der Umwelt und auf Bildern.

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.2.A.1.f

    Recognizing and naming geometric solids (we teach it in grade 1–6) · Recognizing and naming geometric solids (we teach it in grade 3–6)

  48. Curriculum point MA.2.A.1.g · Teaching content · checked against the act

    understand and use the terms side, diagonal, diameter, radius, area, centre, parallel, line, straight line, line segment, grid, point of intersection, intersect, perpendicular, symmetry, reflection in an axis, perimeter, angle, right-angled, translation, geo-triangle. use the symbols for right angles and parallel lines.

    our translation · original wording (DE): verstehen und verwenden die Begriffe Seite, Diagonale, Durchmesser, Radius, Flächeninhalt, Mittelpunkt, Parallele, Linie, Gerade, Strecke, Raster, Schnittpunkt, schneiden, Senkrechte, Symmetrie, Achsenspiegelung, Umfang, Winkel, rechtwinklig, Verschiebung, Geodreieck. verwenden die Symbole für rechte Winkel und parallele Linien.

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.2.A.1.g

    Distinguishing between line segment, ray, or line (we teach it in grade 3–6) · Radius and Diameter of a Circle (we teach it in grade 4–6) · Distinguishing angles by their size (we teach it in grade 3–6)

  49. Curriculum point MA.2.A.2 · Teaching content · checked against the act

    Students can depict, decompose and compose figures and bodies.

    our translation · original wording (DE): Die Schülerinnen und Schüler können Figuren und Körper abbilden, zerlegen und zusammensetzen.

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.2.A.2

  50. Curriculum point MA.2.A.2.d · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can enlarge, reduce and move figures in grids. can decompose polygons into triangles and quadrilaterals and compose figures (e.g. lay figures with triangles).

    our translation · original wording (DE): können Figuren in Rastern vergrössern, verkleinern und verschieben. können Vielecke in Drei- und Vierecke zerlegen und Figuren zusammensetzen (z.B. mit Dreiecken Figuren legen).

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.2.A.2.d

  51. Curriculum point MA.2.A.2.e · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can tile in different ways with basic shapes (e.g. with triangles or pentominoes). can reflect figures across axes and sketch mirror images.

    our translation · original wording (DE): können mit Grundfiguren verschieden parkettieren (z.B. mit Dreiecken oder Pentominos). können Figuren an Achsen spiegeln und Spiegelbilder skizzieren.

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.2.A.2.e

  52. Curriculum point MA.2.A.2.f · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can move, tilt and turn real objects (bodies) and recognise the corresponding transformations (e.g. tilt a cube twice).

    our translation · original wording (DE): können reale Körper verschieben, kippen, drehen und erkennen entsprechende Abbildungen (z.B. einen Würfel zwei Mal kippen).

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.2.A.2.f

  53. Curriculum point MA.2.A.3 · Teaching content · checked against the act

    The students can determine and calculate lengths, areas and volumes.

    our translation · original wording (DE): Die Schülerinnen und Schüler können Längen, Flächen und Volumen bestimmen und berechnen.

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.2.A.3

  54. Curriculum point MA.2.A.3.c · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can compare side lengths and areas of triangles and quadrilaterals as well as volumes of cubes and cuboids (e.g. by covering two rectangles of different sizes with squares)

    our translation · original wording (DE): können Seitenlängen und Flächeninhalte von Drei- und Vierecken sowie Volumen von Würfeln und Quadern vergleichen (z.B. in zwei verschieden grosse Rechtecke mit Quadraten belegen).

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.2.A.3.c

    Counting areas by squares (we teach it in grade 3–6) · Comparing and ordering lengths and weights (we teach it in grade 1–6)

  55. Curriculum point MA.2.A.3.d · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can count areas using unit squares (e.g. the classroom floor using square metres).

    our translation · original wording (DE): können Flächen mit Einheitsquadraten auszählen (z.B. das Schulzimmer mit Meterquadraten).

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.2.A.3.d

    Counting areas by squares (we teach it in grade 3–6)

  56. Curriculum point MA.2.A.3.e · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can measure and calculate the perimeter of polygons. can calculate the area of squares and rectangles. can build cuboids from a given number of cubes and decompose cuboids into a certain number of cuboids.

    our translation · original wording (DE): können den Umfang von Vielecken messen und berechnen. können den Flächeninhalt von Quadraten und Rechtecken berechnen. können Quader aus einer gegebenen Anzahl Würfeln bilden und Quader in eine bestimmte Anzahl Quader zerlegen.

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.2.A.3.e

    Calculating the Area of Rectangles (we teach it in grade 4–8) · Volume of Cuboids: Counting Cubes and Calculating (we teach it in grade 4–9)

  57. Curriculum point MA.2.B.1 · Teaching content · checked against the act

    The students can explore geometric relationships, in particular between lengths, areas and volumes, formulate conjectures and exchange findings.

    our translation · original wording (DE): Die Schülerinnen und Schüler können geometrische Beziehungen, insbesondere zwischen Längen, Flächen und Volumen, erforschen, Vermutungen formulieren und Erkenntnisse austauschen.

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.2.B.1

  58. Curriculum point MA.2.B.1.d · Teaching content · checked against the act

    explore figures and solids and can formulate relationships (e.g. the side faces of a cuboid are rectangles).

    our translation · original wording (DE): erforschen Figuren und Körper und können Beziehungen formulieren (z.B. die Seitenflächen eines Quaders sind Rechtecke).

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.2.B.1.d

    Recognizing and naming geometric solids (we teach it in grade 1–6)

  59. Curriculum point MA.2.B.1.e · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can form figures with a given perimeter (e.g. lay triangles with 5, 6, or 7 matchsticks)

    our translation · original wording (DE): können Figuren mit gegebenem Umfang bilden (z.B. Dreiecke mit 5, 6, oder 7 Streichhölzern legen).

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.2.B.1.e

  60. Curriculum point MA.2.B.1.f · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can explore relationships between side lengths and area of rectangles on a grid.

    our translation · original wording (DE): können Beziehungen zwischen Seitenlängen und Flächeninhalt bei Rechtecken in einem Raster erforschen.

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.2.B.1.f

    Calculating the Area of Rectangles (we teach it in grade 4–8)

  61. Curriculum point MA.2.B.1.g · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can systematically vary line segments on figures, explore the effects, formulate and exchange conjectures (e.g. the area of a rectangle with a given perimeter using a grid)

    our translation · original wording (DE): können Strecken an Figuren systematisch variieren, Auswirkungen erforschen, Vermutungen formulieren und austauschen (z.B. Flächeninhalt eines Rechtecks bei gegebenem Umfang mit einem Raster).

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.2.B.1.g

    Calculating the Area of Rectangles (we teach it in grade 4–8)

  62. Curriculum point MA.2.B.2 · Teaching content · checked against the act

    The students can check statements and formulas about geometric relationships, support them with examples, and justify them.

    our translation · original wording (DE): Die Schülerinnen und Schüler können Aussagen und Formeln zu geometrischen Beziehungen überprüfen, mit Beispielen belegen und begründen.

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.2.B.2

  63. Curriculum point MA.2.B.2.a · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can explore and describe properties of figures and solids (e.g. halving a square produces, among others, triangles or rectangles).

    our translation · original wording (DE): können Eigenschaften von Figuren und Körpern erforschen und beschreiben (z.B. beim Halbieren eines Quadrates entstehen u.a. Dreiecke oder Rechtecke).

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.2.B.2.a

    Corners, Edges and Faces of Prisms and Pyramids (we teach it in grade 4–9) · Recognizing and naming geometric solids (we teach it in grade 1–6)

  64. Curriculum point MA.2.B.2.b · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can use heuristic strategies: change lines and angles, sketch examples, compare figures and solids. can check nets of cubes and cuboids by folding.

    our translation · original wording (DE): können heuristische Strategien verwenden: Linien und Winkel verändern, Beispiele skizzieren, Figuren und Körper vergleichen. können Würfel- und Quadernetze durch Falten überprüfen.

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.2.B.2.b

    Recognizing and Checking Cube Nets (we teach it in grade 4–9)

  65. Curriculum point MA.2.B.2.c · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can check statements about geometric relationships in triangles, quadrilaterals and circles (e.g. a circle and a quadrilateral can intersect in more than 4 points).

    our translation · original wording (DE): können Aussagen zu geometrischen Beziehungen im Dreieck, Viereck und Kreis überprüfen (z.B. ein Kreis und ein Viereck können sich in mehr als 4 Punkten schneiden).

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.2.B.2.c

  66. Curriculum point MA.2.C.1 · Teaching content · checked against the act

    The students can represent bodies and spatial relationships.

    our translation · original wording (DE): Die Schülerinnen und Schüler können Körper und räumliche Beziehungen darstellen.

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.2.C.1

  67. Curriculum point MA.2.C.1.d · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can draw the top view (plan) of cube buildings on squared paper.

    our translation · original wording (DE): können die Aufsicht von Würfelgebäuden auf Karopapier zeichnen.

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.2.C.1.d

  68. Curriculum point MA.2.C.1.e · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can sketch the top view, front view and side view of cuboids and cube buildings. can build cube buildings according to the top view and side view and describe them.

    our translation · original wording (DE): können die Aufsicht, Vorderansicht und Seitenansicht von Quadern und Würfelgebäuden skizzieren. können Würfelgebäude entsprechend der Aufsicht und Seitenansicht bauen und beschreiben.

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.2.C.1.e

  69. Curriculum point MA.2.C.1.f · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can sketch cubes and cuboids in oblique projection.

    our translation · original wording (DE): können Würfel und Quader im Schrägbild skizzieren.

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.2.C.1.f

  70. Curriculum point MA.2.C.1.g · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can build cubes and cuboids from squares and rectangles and vice versa, and draw the net of cubes and cuboids by unfolding.

    our translation · original wording (DE): können aus Quadraten und Rechtecken Würfel und Quader herstellen und umgekehrt das Netz von Würfeln und Quadern durch Abwickeln zeichnen.

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.2.C.1.g

    Recognizing and Checking Cube Nets (we teach it in grade 4–9) · Corners, Edges and Faces of Prisms and Pyramids (we teach it in grade 4–9)

  71. Curriculum point MA.2.C.2 · Teaching content · checked against the act

    Students can fold, sketch, draw and construct figures, as well as exchange and check representations of plane geometry.

    our translation · original wording (DE): Die Schülerinnen und Schüler können Figuren falten, skizzieren, zeichnen und konstruieren sowie Darstellungen zur ebenen Geometrie austauschen und überprüfen.

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.2.C.2

  72. Curriculum point MA.2.C.2.d · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can fold paper following pictorial instructions (e.g. a boat).

    our translation · original wording (DE): können nach bildlicher Anleitung falten (z.B. ein Schiff).

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.2.C.2.d

  73. Curriculum point MA.2.C.2.e · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can draw rectangles with given side lengths. can draw, modify and describe area ornaments with compass and ruler.

    our translation · original wording (DE): können Rechtecke mit gegebenen Seitenlängen zeichnen. können Flächenornamente mit Zirkel und Lineal zeichnen, verändern und beschreiben.

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.2.C.2.e

  74. Curriculum point MA.2.C.2.f · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can draw with grids, compass and set square (e.g. parallel lines, right angles, right-angled triangles, squares and rectangles).

    our translation · original wording (DE): können mit Rastern, Zirkel und Geodreieck zeichnen (z.B. parallele Linien, rechte Winkel, rechtwinklige Dreiecke, Quadrate und Rechtecke).

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.2.C.2.f

  75. Curriculum point MA.2.C.3 · Teaching content · checked against the act

    Students can visualize figures and solids in different positions in their minds, represent and describe changes (mental geometry).

    our translation · original wording (DE): Die Schülerinnen und Schüler können sich Figuren und Körper in verschiedenen Lagen vorstellen, Veränderungen darstellen und beschreiben (Kopfgeometrie).

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.2.C.3

  76. Curriculum point MA.2.C.3.d · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can change the position of a figure or a cuboid in their imagination as well as describe changes (e.g. rotate a desk by 180° in their imagination). can check cube and cuboid nets in their imagination.

    our translation · original wording (DE): können die Lage einer Figur oder eines Quaders in der Vorstellung verändern sowie Veränderungen beschreiben (z.B. ein Pult im Kopf um 180° drehen). können Würfel- und Quadernetze in der Vorstellung überprüfen.

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.2.C.3.d

    Recognizing and Checking Cube Nets (we teach it in grade 4–9)

  77. Curriculum point MA.2.C.3.e · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can mentally decompose and recompose solids (e.g. replicate a given figure from two pieces of the Soma cube). can carry out operations on a model and describe the results (e.g. tilt a die 4 times so that the same number of pips is facing up again).

    our translation · original wording (DE): können Körper in der Vorstellung zerlegen und zusammenfügen (z.B. eine vorgegebene Figur aus zwei Teilen des Somawürfels nachbauen). können Operationen am Modell ausführen und Ergebnisse beschreiben (z.B. einen Würfel 4 Mal kippen, so dass die gleiche Augenzahl wieder oben liegt).

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.2.C.3.e

  78. Curriculum point MA.2.C.4 · Teaching content · checked against the act

    The students can determine the coordinates of figures and solids in a coordinate system or represent figures and solids based on their coordinates, as well as read and draw plans.

    our translation · original wording (DE): Die Schülerinnen und Schüler können in einem Koordinatensystem die Koordinaten von Figuren und Körpern bestimmen bzw. Figuren und Körper aufgrund ihrer Koordinaten darstellen sowie Pläne lesen und zeichnen.

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.2.C.4

  79. Curriculum point MA.2.C.4.c · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can represent objects on a plan (e.g. seating arrangement in the classroom).

    our translation · original wording (DE): können Objekte in einem Plan darstellen (z.B. Sitzordnung im Klassenzimmer).

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.2.C.4.c

  80. Curriculum point MA.2.C.4.d · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can draw figures in a coordinate system, shift them horizontally and vertically, and state the coordinates of their vertices.

    our translation · original wording (DE): können Figuren in einem Koordinatensystem zeichnen, horizontal und vertikal verschieben sowie die Koordinaten der Eckpunkte angeben.

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.2.C.4.d

    Reading coordinates: points in the coordinate system (we teach it in grade 4–9)

  81. Curriculum point MA.2.C.4.e · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can read and use plans and photographs for orientation in space.

    our translation · original wording (DE): können Pläne und Fotografien zur Orientierung im Raum lesen und nutzen.

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.2.C.4.e

  82. Curriculum point MA.2.C.4.f · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can draw figures in a coordinate system and determine the coordinates of points (e.g. span figures on the geoboard according to coordinates and draw them).

    our translation · original wording (DE): können zu Koordinaten Figuren zeichnen sowie die Koordinaten von Punkten bestimmen (z.B. Figuren auf dem Geobrett nach Koordinaten aufspannen und zeichnen).

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.2.C.4.f

    Reading coordinates: points in the coordinate system (we teach it in grade 4–9)

  83. Curriculum point MA.3.A.1 · Teaching content · checked against the act

    The students understand and use terms and symbols for quantities, functions, data and chance.

    our translation · original wording (DE): Die Schülerinnen und Schüler verstehen und verwenden Begriffe und Symbole zu Grössen, Funktionen, Daten und Zufall.

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.3.A.1

  84. Curriculum point MA.3.A.1.d · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can lay out amounts with coins and banknotes up to 100 francs.

    our translation · original wording (DE): können mit Münzen und Noten bis 100 Fr. Beträge legen.

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.3.A.1.d

  85. Curriculum point MA.3.A.1.e · Teaching content · checked against the act

    understand and use the terms weight, capacity, point in time, duration, second. can orient themselves by reference quantities: 1 km, 1 dm, 1 mm, 1 kg, 100 g, 1 l, 1 dl, 1 h, 1 min (e.g. associate 1 kg with a packet of flour). can name and use units of measurement and their abbreviations: lengths (km, dm, mm), capacity measures (l, dl), weights (kg, g), time (h, min).

    our translation · original wording (DE): verstehen und verwenden die Begriffe Gewicht, Inhalt, Zeitpunkt, Zeitdauer, Sekunde. können sich an Referenzgrössen orientieren: 1 km, 1 dm, 1 mm, 1 kg, 100 g, 1 l, 1 dl, 1 h, 1 min (z.B. 1 kg mit einer Packung Mehl assoziieren). können Masseinheiten und deren Abkürzungen benennen und verwenden: Längen (km, dm, mm), Hohlmasse (l, dl ), Gewichte (kg, g), Zeit (h, min).

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.3.A.1.e

    Units of measurement: kg, g, l, dl and more (we teach it in grade 3–6) · Capacity: How much fits inside? (we teach it in grade 1–6) · Calculating with Times and Durations (we teach it in grade 1–6) · The Kilometer: 1 km is 1000 meters (we teach it in grade 3–6)

  86. Curriculum point MA.3.A.1.f · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can name and use units of measurement and their abbreviations: capacity (l, dl, cl, ml), weights (t, kg, g, mg), time (h, min, s). can orient themselves to reference quantities: 1 s, 1 min. can understand and use prefixes: kilo, deci, centi, milli.

    our translation · original wording (DE): können Masseinheiten und deren Abkürzungen benennen und verwenden: Hohlmasse (l, dl, cl, ml), Gewichte (t, kg, g, mg), Zeit (h, min, s). können sich an Referenzgrössen orientieren: 1 s, 1 min. können Vorsätze verstehen und verwenden: Kilo, Dezi, Centi, Milli.

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.3.A.1.f

    Converting Volume Units: Liters and Deciliters (we teach it in grade 3–6) · Calculating with Hours, Minutes and Seconds (we teach it in grade 3–6)

  87. Curriculum point MA.3.A.1.g · Teaching content · checked against the act

    understand and use the terms (un)likely, (im)possible, certain.

    our translation · original wording (DE): verstehen und verwenden die Begriffe (un)wahrscheinlich, (un)möglich, sicher.

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.3.A.1.g

    Certain, possible or impossible: estimating chances (we teach it in grade 1–5)

  88. Curriculum point MA.3.A.1.h · Teaching content · checked against the act

    understand and use the terms proportionality, area, volume, capacity, mean, pie chart, bar chart, line graph, data, frequency, chance, memory. can orient themselves to reference quantities: 1 m², 1 dm², 1 cm², 1 mm², 1 bit, 1 byte, 1 kB. can name units of measurement and use their abbreviations: area units (km², m², dm², cm², mm²), time (d, h, min, s).

    our translation · original wording (DE): verstehen und verwenden die Begriffe Proportionalität, Flächeninhalt, Volumen, Inhalt, Mittelwert, Kreisdiagramm, Säulendiagramm, Liniendiagramm, Daten, Häufigkeit, Zufall, Speicher. können sich an Referenzgrössen orientieren: 1 m², 1 dm², 1 cm², 1 mm², 1 bit, 1 Byte, 1 kB. können Masseinheiten benennen und deren Abkürzungen verwenden: Flächenmasse (km², m², dm², cm², mm²), Zeit (d, h, min, s).

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.3.A.1.h

    Reading and comparing diagrams and tables (we teach it in grade 4–9)

  89. Curriculum point MA.3.A.2 · Teaching content · checked against the act

    The students can estimate, measure, convert, round and calculate with quantities.

    our translation · original wording (DE): Die Schülerinnen und Schüler können Grössen schätzen, messen, umwandeln, runden und mit ihnen rechnen.

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.3.A.2

  90. Curriculum point MA.3.A.2.d · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can form, add and subtract amounts of money in Fr. and Rp. (e.g. form 20 Fr. with 2 · 5 Fr. + 5 · 2 Fr.; 25 Fr. 60 Rp. + 14 Fr. 30 Rp.). can determine analogue and digital times.

    our translation · original wording (DE): können Geldbeträge mit Fr. und Rp. bilden, addieren und subtrahieren (z.B. 20 Fr. mit 2 · 5 Fr. + 5 · 2 Fr. bilden; 25 Fr. 60 Rp. + 14 Fr. 30 Rp.). können analoge und digitale Uhrzeiten bestimmen.

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.3.A.2.d

    Money Calculations: Budget, Remaining Amount and Better Deal (we teach it in grade 3–9) · Reading the clock: full and half hours (we teach it in grade 1–6)

  91. Curriculum point MA.3.A.2.e · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can estimate, measure and convert between neighbouring units of measurement: l, dl; m, cm, mm; kg, g (e.g. 2'000 g = 2 kg). can add, subtract and multiply quantities: l, dl; m, cm, mm; kg, g (e.g. 3 cm 5 mm + 2 cm 7 mm). can estimate lengths, volumes and weights and compare them with representative examples.

    our translation · original wording (DE): können Grössen schätzen, messen und in benachbarte Masseinheiten umwandeln: l, dl; m, cm, mm; kg, g (z.B. 2'000 g = 2 kg). können Grössen addieren, subtrahieren und vervielfachen: l, dl; m, cm, mm; kg, g (z.B. 3 cm 5 mm + 2 cm 7 mm). können Längen, Volumen und Gewichte schätzen und mit Repräsentanten vergleichen.

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.3.A.2.e

    Converting lengths: mm, cm and m (we teach it in grade 3–9) · Converting Volume Units: Liters and Deciliters (we teach it in grade 3–6) · Estimating in Everyday Life: Rounding Prices and Totals (we teach it in grade 3–6)

  92. Curriculum point MA.3.A.2.f · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can estimate and measure lengths, weights, capacities, points in time and durations, and state them with a suitable unit of measurement.

    our translation · original wording (DE): können Längen, Gewichte, Inhalte, Zeitpunkte und Zeitdauern schätzen und messen sowie mit einer geeigneten Masseinheit angeben.

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.3.A.2.f

    Estimating in Everyday Life: Rounding Prices and Totals (we teach it in grade 3–6) · Calculating with Times and Durations (we teach it in grade 1–6)

  93. Curriculum point MA.3.A.2.g · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can calculate with lengths, weights, volumes and time specifications and convert corresponding quantities into neighbouring units of measurement.

    our translation · original wording (DE): können mit Längen, Gewichten, Volumen und Zeitangaben rechnen sowie entsprechende Grössen in benachbarte Masseinheiten umwandeln.

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.3.A.2.g

    Converting lengths: mm, cm and m (we teach it in grade 3–9) · Calculating with Times and Durations (we teach it in grade 1–6) · Calculating with Hours, Minutes and Seconds (we teach it in grade 3–6) · Calendar Arithmetic: Converting Weeks and Days (we teach it in grade 4–6)

  94. Curriculum point MA.3.A.2.h · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can estimate, determine, compare and round measures (money, lengths, weight or mass, time, volume [l]), calculate with them, convert them into neighbouring units of measurement, and write them in compound units.

    our translation · original wording (DE): können Grössen (Geld, Längen, Gewicht bzw. Masse, Zeit, Volumen [l]) schätzen, bestimmen, vergleichen, runden, mit ihnen rechnen, in benachbarte Masseinheiten umwandeln und in zweifach benannten Einheiten schreiben.

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.3.A.2.h

    Writing Measurements with Two Units as Decimal Numbers (we teach it in grade 4–6) · Money Calculations: Budget, Remaining Amount and Better Deal (we teach it in grade 3–9)

  95. Curriculum point MA.3.A.3 · Teaching content · checked against the act

    Pupils can describe functional relationships and determine function values.

    our translation · original wording (DE): Die Schülerinnen und Schüler können funktionale Zusammenhänge beschreiben und Funktionswerte bestimmen.

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.3.A.3

  96. Curriculum point MA.3.A.3.c · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can continue linear and non-linear number sequences (e.g. 90, 81, 70, 57, ...; 1, 4, 9, 16, ...; 1, 3, 6, 10, 15, ...).

    our translation · original wording (DE): können lineare und nichtlineare Zahlenfolgen weiterführen (z.B. 90, 81, 70, 57, ...; 1, 4, 9, 16, ...; 1, 3, 6, 10, 15, ...).

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.3.A.3.c

  97. Curriculum point MA.3.A.3.d · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can describe and continue value tables of proportional relationships with money amounts (e.g. 100 g → 5.40 Fr.; 200 g → 10.80 Fr.; 300 g → 16.20 Fr., ...).

    our translation · original wording (DE): können Wertetabellen zu proportionalen Zusammenhängen mit Geldbeträgen beschreiben und weiterführen (z.B. 100 g → 5.40 Fr.; 200 g → 10.80 Fr.; 300 g → 16.20 Fr., ...).

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.3.A.3.d

    Filling in Value Tables: Recognizing and Applying the Rule (we teach it in grade 2–6)

  98. Curriculum point MA.3.A.3.e · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can record functional relationships in tables of values (e.g. distances covered at a speed of 4.5 km/h after 10 min, 20 min, 30 min, ...). can work with proportional relationships (e.g. 300 g of cheese at 20 Fr./kg; fuel consumption for 700 km at 6 l/100 km).

    our translation · original wording (DE): können funktionale Zusammenhänge in Wertetabellen erfassen (z.B. zurückgelegte Distanzen bei einer Geschwindigkeit von 4.5 km/h nach 10 min, 20 min, 30 min, ...). können mit proportionalen Beziehungen rechnen (z.B. 300 g Käse zu 20 Fr./kg; Treibstoffverbrauch für 700 km zu 6 l/100 km).

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.3.A.3.e

    Value for one: calculate price and quantity (we teach it in grade 3–9)

  99. Curriculum point MA.3.B.1 · Teaching content · checked against the act

    Students can formulate questions about relationships between quantities and functional relationships, investigate these, and check and justify their results.

    our translation · original wording (DE): Die Schülerinnen und Schüler können zu Grössenbeziehungen und funktionalen Zusammenhängen Fragen formulieren, diese erforschen sowie Ergebnisse überprüfen und begründen.

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.3.B.1

  100. Curriculum point MA.3.B.1.d · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can check relationships between lengths, prices and times (e.g. larger objects are more expensive or greater distances take more time).

    our translation · original wording (DE): können Beziehungen zwischen Längen, Preisen und Zeiten überprüfen (z.B. grössere Gegenstände sind teurer oder weitere Wege brauchen mehr Zeit).

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.3.B.1.d

  101. Curriculum point MA.3.B.1.e · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can formulate questions about relationships between quantities, investigate them, and check functional relationships (e.g. the fill level of ½ litre, 1 litre, 2 litres in different containers; the ratio between price and weight of a product; the weight of a light drink and a lemonade).

    our translation · original wording (DE): können zu Beziehungen zwischen Grössen Fragen formulieren, erforschen, und funktionale Zusammenhänge überprüfen (z.B. die Füllhöhe von ½ Liter, 1 Liter, 2 Liter in verschiedenen Gefässen; das Verhältnis zwischen Preis und Gewicht eines Produkts; das Gewicht eines Lightgetränks und einer Limonade).

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.3.B.1.e

    Value for one: calculate price and quantity (we teach it in grade 3–9) · Filling in Value Tables: Recognizing and Applying the Rule (we teach it in grade 2–6)

  102. Curriculum point MA.3.B.2 · Teaching content · checked against the act

    The students can investigate real-life situations involving statistics, combinatorics and probability, formulate conjectures and test them.

    our translation · original wording (DE): Die Schülerinnen und Schüler können Sachsituationen zur Statistik, Kombinatorik und Wahrscheinlichkeit erforschen, Vermutungen formulieren und überprüfen.

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.3.B.2

  103. Curriculum point MA.3.B.2.b · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can systematically combine and vary (e.g. pairings with 6 children). can pose and answer questions about statistical data (e.g. the longest route to school is more than twice as long as the shortest; most children live less than 1 km away from school).

    our translation · original wording (DE): können systematisch kombinieren und variieren (z.B. Paarbildungen mit 6 Kindern). können zu statistischen Daten Fragen stellen und beantworten (z.B. der längste Schulweg ist mehr als doppelt so lang wie der kürzeste; die meisten Kinder wohnen weniger als 1 km von der Schule entfernt).

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.3.B.2.b

    List all possibilities systematically and count them (we teach it in grade 1–9) · Reading data from tables and bar charts (we teach it in grade 1–9)

  104. Curriculum point MA.3.B.2.c · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can explore countable combinations and permutations, record observations and check statements (e.g. combinations of numbers on a bicycle lock; permutations with the letters ADEN, ADNE, AEDN, ...).

    our translation · original wording (DE): können auszählbare Kombinationen und Permutationen erforschen, Beobachtungen festhalten und Aussagen überprüfen (z.B. Kombinationen von Zahlen beim Veloschloss; Permutationen mit Buchstaben ADEN, ADNE, AEDN, ...).

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.3.B.2.c

    List all possibilities systematically and count them (we teach it in grade 1–9)

  105. Curriculum point MA.3.C.1 · Teaching content · checked against the act

    The students can collect, order, represent, evaluate and interpret data on statistics, combinatorics and probability.

    our translation · original wording (DE): Die Schülerinnen und Schüler können Daten zu Statistik, Kombinatorik und Wahrscheinlichkeit erheben, ordnen, darstellen, auswerten und interpretieren.

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.3.C.1

  106. Curriculum point MA.3.C.1.c · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can represent lengths and prices graphically (e.g. 1 Fr. or 1 cm with one square each).

    our translation · original wording (DE): können Längen und Preise grafisch darstellen (z.B. 1 Fr. oder 1 cm mit je einem Karo).

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.3.C.1.c

    Reading Data from Tables and Picture Graphs (we teach it in grade 1–6)

  107. Curriculum point MA.3.C.1.d · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can represent and interpret data on lengths, capacities, weights, durations, quantities and prices in tables and diagrams (e.g. on pets). can carry out random experiments, record results and interpret them (e.g. throw two dice 50 times).

    our translation · original wording (DE): können Daten zu Längen, Inhalten, Gewichten, Zeitdauern, Anzahlen und Preisen in Tabellen und Diagrammen darstellen und interpretieren (z.B. zu Haustieren). können Zufallsexperimente durchführen, Ergebnisse protokollieren und interpretieren (z.B. 50 mal zwei Würfel werfen).

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.3.C.1.d

    Reading Data from Tables and Picture Graphs (we teach it in grade 1–6) · Reading data from tables and bar charts (we teach it in grade 1–9)

  108. Curriculum point MA.3.C.1.e · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can collect, sort, represent and interpret data statistically (e.g. school routes: distance, means of transport, duration).

    our translation · original wording (DE): können Daten statistisch erfassen, ordnen, darstellen und interpretieren (z.B. Schulwege: Distanz, Transportmittel, Zeitdauer).

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.3.C.1.e

    Reading data from tables and bar charts (we teach it in grade 1–9) · Reading and comparing diagrams and tables (we teach it in grade 4–9)

  109. Curriculum point MA.3.C.1.f · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can analyze data sets according to criteria and determine the mean, maximum and minimum in data sets.

    our translation · original wording (DE): können Datensätze nach Kriterien auswerten und in Datensätzen Mittelwert, Maximum und Minimum bestimmen.

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.3.C.1.f

  110. Curriculum point MA.3.C.2 · Teaching content · checked against the act

    The students can mathematize real-life situations, represent them, calculate, and interpret and check the results.

    our translation · original wording (DE): Die Schülerinnen und Schüler können Sachsituationen mathematisieren, darstellen, berechnen sowie Ergebnisse interpretieren und überprüfen.

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.3.C.2

  111. Curriculum point MA.3.C.2.c · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can form basic operations with placeholders or inverse operations for arithmetic stories, solve them and interpret them (e.g. a present costs CHF 36, CHF 23 has been saved. How much is still missing?).

    our translation · original wording (DE): können zu Rechengeschichten Grundoperationen mit Platzhaltern bzw. Umkehroperationen bilden, diese lösen und interpretieren (z.B. ein Geschenk kostet 36 Fr., 23 Fr. wurden gespart. Wie viel fehlt noch?).

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.3.C.2.c

    Calculating with boxes: finding the missing number (we teach it in grade 1–6) · Solving Multi-Step Word Problems (we teach it in grade 3–6)

  112. Curriculum point MA.3.C.2.d · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can ask questions about texts, tables and diagrams, carry out their own calculations, and interpret and check the results.

    our translation · original wording (DE): können zu Texten, Tabellen und Diagrammen Fragen stellen, eigene Berechnungen ausführen sowie Ergebnisse interpretieren und überprüfen.

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.3.C.2.d

    Reading data from tables and bar charts (we teach it in grade 1–9) · Solving Multi-Step Word Problems (we teach it in grade 3–6)

  113. Curriculum point MA.3.C.2.e · Teaching content · checked against the act

    recognise proportional relationships in real-life situations (e.g. between number of steps and distance). can process information from factual texts, tables, diagrams and pictures from the media.

    our translation · original wording (DE): erkennen in Sachsituationen Proportionalitäten (z.B. zwischen Anzahl Schritten und Distanz). können Informationen aus Sachtexten, Tabellen, Diagrammen und Bildern aus den Medien verarbeiten.

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.3.C.2.e

    Reading and comparing diagrams and tables (we teach it in grade 4–9)

  114. Curriculum point MA.3.C.3 · Teaching content · checked against the act

    The students can make terms, formulas, equations and tables concrete with real-life situations.

    our translation · original wording (DE): Die Schülerinnen und Schüler können Terme, Formeln, Gleichungen und Tabellen mit Sachsituationen konkretisieren.

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.3.C.3

  115. Curriculum point MA.3.C.3.d · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can relate equations with a placeholder to story problems or pictures (e.g. 28 + _ = 50 → a bus has 50 seats, 28 of which are already taken).

    our translation · original wording (DE): können Gleichungen mit einem Platzhalter durch Rechengeschichten oder Bilder konkretisieren (z.B. 28 + _ = 50 → ein Bus hat 50 Sitzplätze, 28 sind bereits besetzt).

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.3.C.3.d

    Calculating with boxes: finding the missing number (we teach it in grade 1–6)

  116. Curriculum point MA.3.C.3.e · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can give meaning to arithmetic expressions and tables (e.g. 125 Fr. + 4 Fr. + 4 Fr. + 4 Fr. - 34 Fr. → 125 Fr. savings. 3 weeks at 4 francs pocket money each. Purchase of a ball for 34 Fr.).

    our translation · original wording (DE): können Rechentermen und Tabellen eine Bedeutung geben (z.B. 125 Fr. + 4 Fr. + 4 Fr. + 4 Fr. - 34 Fr. → 125 Fr. Ersparnisse. 3 Wochen zu je 4 Franken Sackgeld. Kauf eines Balles für 34 Fr.).

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.3.C.3.e

    Solving Multi-Step Word Problems (we teach it in grade 3–6) · Money Calculations: Budget, Remaining Amount and Better Deal (we teach it in grade 3–9)

  117. Curriculum point MA.3.C.3.f · Teaching content · checked against the act

    can describe relationships in a proportional table of values (e.g. the number of min per km travelled).

    our translation · original wording (DE): können zu einer proportionalen Wertetabelle Zusammenhänge beschreiben (z.B. die Anzahl min je zurückgelegtem km).

    Lehrplan 21, Fachbereichslehrplan Mathematik (Vorlage der D-EDK, freigegeben 31.10.2014, bereinigte Fassung 29.02.2016), MA.3.C.3.f

    Filling in Value Tables: Recognizing and Applying the Rule (we teach it in grade 2–6) · Value for one: calculate price and quantity (we teach it in grade 3–9)

Skills step by step

Addition up to 100 with crossing the tens

Your child confidently solves addition problems within the number range up to 100, even when the ones add up to more than 10, and can explain the method used.

Curriculum point MA.1.A.3.c can double, halve, add and subtract in the number range up to 100. know products from the small multiplication table with the factors 2, 5 and 10. can decompose products from the small multiplication table into factors (e.g. 36 = 6 · 6 = 4 · 9). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.1.C.1.c can represent and follow calculation methods for additions and subtractions (e.g. 18 + 14 with the help of the number line). (our translation)

Within the number range up to 100, your child can add two numbers even when the ones add up to more than 10, for example 18 + 14 = 32. It helps to first add up to the next ten and then continue counting. The method can be shown on a number line: 18 + 2 = 20, then 20 + 12 = 32. The curriculum describes the number range up to 100 as a whole. For Year 4, the task templates show what is practised concretely: additions up to 100 with crossing the ten.

A typical mistake: with 38 + 45, the child writes down the 13 ones but forgets the resulting ten. They get 73 instead of 83. Often the crossing of the ten is then seen only as a digit and not as a ten that is added to the tens. A second mistake occurs when tens and ones are calculated separately and then put together incorrectly at the end.

In class, your child will encounter these task formats, among others:

  • Addition within the number range up to 100 with crossing the ten: tasks where the ones go over 10.
  • Add up to the next ten and keep counting as well as Add up to the next ten: how much is missing?: the route via the ten.
  • Addition up to 100 with crossing the ten: choose the result and Addition up to 100: check the result, find the mistake: your child checks whether a result is correct and finds errors.
  • Addition up to 100: correct someone else's result: your child recognises and improves another person's incorrect calculation.

Counting areas by squares

Your child learns to determine the size of an area by counting how many equally sized squares completely cover it.

Curriculum point MA.2.A.3.c can compare side lengths and areas of triangles and quadrilaterals as well as volumes of cubes and cuboids (e.g. by covering two rectangles of different sizes with squares) (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.2.A.3.d can count areas using unit squares (e.g. the classroom floor using square metres). (our translation)

Your child learns to measure the area of a shape: they mentally lay a grid of equal-sized unit squares over the shape and count how many squares it covers. The curriculum points do not specify a number range for this. They require comparing side lengths and areas of triangles and quadrilaterals, in such a way that your child can cover two rectangles of different sizes with squares.

A typical mistake is to count only the squares along the edge or to add up the side lengths. In that case the child measures the perimeter instead of the area. Another common mistake happens when rows are counted carelessly: squares get counted twice or overlooked. It helps to mark the shape row by row and count each row separately.

In this class, your child will encounter, among others, the following task types:

  • Rectangle area: How many squares cover it?
  • Area on a grid: How many squares cover the shape?
  • Area with tiles: How many two-square tiles are needed, and how many are still missing?
  • Area of a shape made from two rectangles: How large is the composite shape?
  • Area of two shapes: How much larger is one of them?
  • Area and one side: How long is the other side?
  • Area by laying out: Choose the correct answer or decide whether statements are true or false.
  • Surface area: Correct a result that someone else has given.
  • Drawing: Draw a rectangle with the given area.

The curriculum point additionally mentions the volume of cubes and cuboids. There is no task template for this topic in this class.

Division in the Times Table: The Reverse of Multiplication

The child learns to solve division problems in the multiplication table as the reverse of multiplication problems, and to check the result using multiplication or addition.

Curriculum point MA.1.A.1.d understand and use the term "divided by" and the symbol :. (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.1.A.3.d can note down calculation methods when adding and subtracting and check the results. can add and subtract in writing. know the products of the small multiplication table. (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.1.A.4.e understand division as the inverse operation of multiplication and the connection to addition (e.g. 28 : 7 = 4 → 28 = 4 · 7 → 28 = 7 + 7 + 7 + 7). can use relationships between the small times tables and the tens times tables. (our translation)

The child can solve division problems within the number range up to 100 by thinking of them as the reverse of a multiplication problem. For 28 : 7, the child asks which number must be multiplied by 7 to get 28: 4, because 4 · 7 = 28. It understands the symbol : and the word "durch" (divided by) and recognises the connection to addition, for example 28 = 7 + 7 + 7 + 7. In addition, it can use relationships between the small and the tens multiplication tables, for example 4 · 10 = 40 for 40 : 4. Part of the small multiplication table is knowing its products; the curriculum formulates this across the whole level, not just for this grade.

It is typical for children to swap the numbers. They then calculate 7 : 28 instead of 28 : 7, or read "durch" in the wrong direction. Another common error arises when the result is not checked. Someone who checks 28 : 7 = 5 with 5 · 7 immediately notices that 35 is not 28 and finds the mistake themselves.

In practice, the task templates for this topic include, among others:

  • Division in the multiplication table (up to 100): direct calculations such as 36 : 9.
  • By which number was it divided (division table): the divisor is to be found.
  • Missing divisor: choose the number and Divided in the multiplication table: choose the result: multiple-choice tasks for checking.
  • Division: check and find errors: incorrect calculations are checked with the corresponding multiplication.
  • Divide into equal parts, Distribute evenly, Division: how many packets result and Division: how many in a row: word problems in which division appears as sharing or grouping.

Calculating with Times and Durations

The child learns to distinguish between points in time and durations, to determine the duration between two times of day, and to convert hours into minutes. The curriculum points do not specify a fixed number range for this. What matters is that the child uses the units h and min correctly and converts between them.

Curriculum point MA.3.A.1.e understand and use the terms weight, capacity, point in time, duration, second. can orient themselves by reference quantities: 1 km, 1 dm, 1 mm, 1 kg, 100 g, 1 l, 1 dl, 1 h, 1 min (e.g. associate 1 kg with a packet of flour). can name and use units of measurement and their abbreviations: lengths (km, dm, mm), capacity measures (l, dl), weights (kg, g), time (h, min). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.3.A.2.f can estimate and measure lengths, weights, capacities, points in time and durations, and state them with a suitable unit of measurement. (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.3.A.2.g can calculate with lengths, weights, volumes and time specifications and convert corresponding quantities into neighbouring units of measurement. (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.3.B.1.c can explore real-life situations involving quantities, distances, points in time, durations and prices, and describe and ask about relationships (e.g. compare the duration of the outward and return journey with the outward journey) (our translation)

The typical mistake: time values are treated like decimal numbers. When calculating across a full hour, a child subtracts the time 10:50 from 11:20 and calculates 11 − 10 = 1 and 20 − 50 = −30, which is then wrongly computed as 1 h 30 min instead of 30 min. Converting works similarly: 2 h 15 min is written as 2.15 h, even though an hour has 60 minutes and not 100.

Calculating with boxes: finding the missing number

Your child learns to find the missing number in an equation with an empty box by understanding the story behind the calculation and using inverse operations.

Curriculum point MA.1.A.4.c can use addition as the inverse operation of subtraction (e.g. 18 - 15 = 3, because 15 + 3 = 18). can use relationships between additions with the commutative law (e.g. 2 + 18 = 18 +2) and the associative law (e.g. 17 + 18 = 17 + 3 + 15 = 20 + 15). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.3.C.2.c can form basic operations with placeholders or inverse operations for arithmetic stories, solve them and interpret them (e.g. a present costs CHF 36, CHF 23 has been saved. How much is still missing?). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.3.C.3.d can relate equations with a placeholder to story problems or pictures (e.g. 28 + _ = 50 → a bus has 50 seats, 28 of which are already taken). (our translation)

Your child learns to find the missing number in an equation with an empty box, for example 28 + □ = 50. To do this, they use the fact that addition and subtraction are inverse operations: because 15 + 3 = 18, it follows that 18 − 15 = 3. The task can also be explained with a word problem or a picture: A bus has 50 seats, and 28 are already taken. How many seats are still missing? The curriculum examples work with numbers up to 50; the exact number range for Grade 4 is shown by the tasks themselves.

It is typical for children to simply add the two given numbers together without thinking about what the story requires. For "A gift costs 36 Fr., 23 Fr. have been saved. How much is still missing?", they then calculate 23 + 36 = 59, instead of asking which number must be added to 23 so that 36 results. The equals sign is often read as "here comes the result" rather than as a statement that both sides are equal in value.

In the templates for this area, the topic appears in various forms, for example:

  • Missing addend (placeholder task)
  • Equation with a box: missing first addend
  • Equation with a box: choose the missing number
  • Equation with a box: true or false
  • Equality of both sides: how much to add
  • Balance scale in equilibrium: how heavy is the hidden block

Reliably recalling the basic multiplication facts up to 100

The child knows the products of the small multiplication table up to 100 and uses relationships between products to find and check results.

Curriculum point MA.1.A.3.c can double, halve, add and subtract in the number range up to 100. know products from the small multiplication table with the factors 2, 5 and 10. can decompose products from the small multiplication table into factors (e.g. 36 = 6 · 6 = 4 · 9). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.1.A.3.d can note down calculation methods when adding and subtracting and check the results. can add and subtract in writing. know the products of the small multiplication table. (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.1.A.4.d can use relationships between products (e.g. 6 · 8 is 8 greater than 5 · 8 or with the commutative law: e.g. 8 · 3 = 3 · 8). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.1.C.1.d recognize multiplicative relationships in graphic models, in particular doublings and 1 · more or 1 · less (e.g. 3 · 4 and 6 · 4 in a dot array as a doubling). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.1.C.2.d can illustrate basic operations with actions, situational pictures, arithmetic stories and graphic structures, and interpret illustrations. can show and describe relationships in and between basic operations (e.g. the change in the products 1 · 3, 2 · 4, 3 · 5, 4 · 6, ...). (our translation)

The curriculum objectives require that the products of the small times table are known, especially with the factors 2, 5 and 10. This includes decomposing products (e.g. 36 = 6 · 6 = 4 · 9) and using relationships: 6 · 8 is 8 greater than 5 · 8, and 8 · 3 = 3 · 8. Even within the number range up to 100, children should be able to double and halve.

A typical error arises when the times tables are learned only as individual, memorised facts. If a result is then missing, for example for 7 · 8, the child gets stuck or confuses neighbouring products such as 6 · 7 and 6 · 8. It helps when the child can derive the forgotten product from a known one.

The task templates in this area show this in practice:

  • Times table (up to 100) and Missing factor (small times table) for recalling the products.
  • Which product is larger and by how much for comparisons and relationships between products.
  • Check the multiplication and find the error for checking results.
  • How many dots in the array and Equal groups together for illustrating with dot arrays and groups.
  • How often was it taken and Multiplication with an extra number for understanding the task in a real-world context.

List all possibilities systematically and count them

The children learn to write down and count all pairs, sets and arrangements from a small selection in an orderly way, so that nothing gets forgotten.

Curriculum point MA.3.B.2.a can vary, order and record arrangements (e.g. two-digit numbers with the digits 1, 2, 3; equally long paths on a schematic city map; seating arrangements of three children). can assess the influenceability of situations (e.g. influenceability of the weather; influenceability of the duration of the journey to school). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.3.B.2.b can systematically combine and vary (e.g. pairings with 6 children). can pose and answer questions about statistical data (e.g. the longest route to school is more than twice as long as the shortest; most children live less than 1 km away from school). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.3.B.2.c can explore countable combinations and permutations, record observations and check statements (e.g. combinations of numbers on a bicycle lock; permutations with the letters ADEN, ADNE, AEDN, ...). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.3.B.2.d can systematically write down all possibilities in countable variations and combinations (e.g. numbers with the digits 1, 2, 3 with and without repetition: 123, 132, 213, 231, 312, 321, 112, 121, 211, ...). (our translation)

The child learns to list all possibilities neatly when there is a small selection, instead of trying things out at random. The curriculum describes this skill over several school years and gives examples such as two-digit numbers made from the digits 1, 2 and 3, or seating arrangements for three children. In Year 4, the tasks mainly involve pairs and combinations of a few items.

A typical mistake: the child counts Anna and Ben and Ben and Anna as two different pairs, even though they are the same two children. For seating arrangements or numbers, by contrast, the order matters, so both variants are correct there. Without a fixed order when writing things down, for example listing all possibilities with the first item and then all possibilities with the second, it is easy to lose track and miss some possibilities.

The tasks on this look like this:

  • How many different pairs: true or false and How many different pairs: choose the correct answer: The child checks a given number or chooses the correct one.
  • Combinations: how many different sets are there? and Combinations: how many sets from three kinds?: The child forms all the sets and counts them.
  • Combinations: how many pairs are left over?, Combinations: how many more pairs with one item? and Known number of pairs: how many in the other set: The child continues calculating with the numbers found.
  • Write down all the combinations: The child records each possibility individually and in an organised way.

Sums cleverly rearranging and decomposing

The child learns to swap addends, split numbers in suitable ways, and rearrange additions so that they are easier to calculate.

Curriculum point MA.1.A.4.b can decompose numbers up to 20 in different ways (e.g. 5 = 1 + 4 = 3 + 2 = 3 + 1 + 1) and transform them (commutative law: e.g. 5 + 3 = 3 + 5). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.1.A.4.c can use addition as the inverse operation of subtraction (e.g. 18 - 15 = 3, because 15 + 3 = 18). can use relationships between additions with the commutative law (e.g. 2 + 18 = 18 +2) and the associative law (e.g. 17 + 18 = 17 + 3 + 15 = 20 + 15). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.1.A.4.d can use relationships between products (e.g. 6 · 8 is 8 greater than 5 · 8 or with the commutative law: e.g. 8 · 3 = 3 · 8). (our translation)

The curriculum points name the number range up to 20 as the stage goal, for example 5 = 1 + 4 = 3 + 2 or 5 + 3 = 3 + 5. The child can decompose numbers in different ways, swap addends, use addition as the inverse of subtraction (18 − 15 = 3, because 15 + 3 = 18), and combine additions by swapping and grouping, for example 17 + 18 = 17 + 3 + 15 = 20 + 15. For Grade 4, the task templates in this area show addition up to 100.

A typical mistake: The child thinks 2 + 18 and 18 + 2 are two different tasks and works out both sides separately, instead of recognising that the sums are equal. This often happens because the order is confused with the result. Another common mistake when rearranging: only one number is moved or reordered, so the result is no longer correct.

Typical tasks in this area are:

  • Same sum, sides swapped – what is hidden: An equation with the sides swapped, in which one number is missing.
  • Adding cleverly: choosing the order: The child considers which addends should be combined first.
  • Properties of addition: missing term in the equation: A term is missing and must be supplied by swapping or reordering.
  • Swapping addends: comparing two sums: The child checks whether two sums with swapped addends are equal.
  • Addition up to 100: explaining a clever strategy: The child explains in their own words how they calculated cleverly.
  • Adding cleverly: choosing the result: The matching result is selected from several results.
  • Helpful order when adding: right or wrong: The child decides whether a suggested order is helpful.
  • Four addends, two convenient pairs: Four numbers are arranged into two suitable pairs so that the calculation becomes easier.

Multiplying numbers below 20 by 10

The child multiplies numbers under 20 by 10 and uses the connection between the small multiplication tables and the tens multiplication tables.

Curriculum point MA.1.A.4.e understand division as the inverse operation of multiplication and the connection to addition (e.g. 28 : 7 = 4 → 28 = 4 · 7 → 28 = 7 + 7 + 7 + 7). can use relationships between the small times tables and the tens times tables. (our translation)

In Year 4, the child multiplies numbers under 20 by 10, for example 7 · 10 = 70 or 13 · 10 = 130. In doing so, it uses relationships between the times tables: anyone who knows 4 · 3 = 12 can derive 40 · 3 = 120 from it.

A typical mistake occurs when the child does not shift the number one place to the left, but carries out the calculation inaccurately. For 5 · 10, it then writes something like 500 instead of 50, because it thinks it has to move two places. Often behind this is the idea that multiplying by 10 means adding a zero somewhere, without paying attention to place value.

Typical tasks on the worksheets for this are:

  • Multiplying by 10: Solve calculations such as 9 · 10 directly.
  • Multiplying by 10: an unnecessary piece of information: Recognise the superfluous information in a word problem.
  • Tens: how many full tens fit in?: Find out how often 10 fits into a number. This shows the inverse relationship to multiplication.
  • Ten times ten, so two places further: Justify the result of 10 · 10 using place value.
  • Multiplying by 10: choosing the correct result, true or false and a chain of changes: Check results and follow them step by step.

Filling in Value Tables: Recognizing and Applying the Rule

The child learns to calculate the missing numbers in a table of values using a calculation rule, and conversely, to recognize the rule from the numbers.

Curriculum point MA.1.B.3.d can follow instructions for sequences of actions (e.g. in flowcharts) and use them when exploring arithmetic structures (e.g. 1. Start with a two-digit number / 2. If the number is even: Divide by 2, otherwise: Multiply by 3 and add 1 / 3. Repeat 2.). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.3.A.3.a can describe value tables (e.g. 1 bottle → 2 francs; 2 bottles → 4 francs; 3 bottles → 6 francs). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.3.A.3.b can describe and continue linear number sequences and value tables with integers (e.g. 0, 9, 18, 27, 36, ...; 1 m → 8 Fr.; 2 m → 16 Fr.; 3 m → 24 Fr., ...). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.3.A.3.d can describe and continue value tables of proportional relationships with money amounts (e.g. 100 g → 5.40 Fr.; 200 g → 10.80 Fr.; 300 g → 16.20 Fr., ...). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.3.B.1.e can formulate questions about relationships between quantities, investigate them, and check functional relationships (e.g. the fill level of ½ litre, 1 litre, 2 litres in different containers; the ratio between price and weight of a product; the weight of a light drink and a lemonade). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.3.C.3.f can describe relationships in a proportional table of values (e.g. the number of min per km travelled). (our translation)

In a table of values, an input is listed on the left and the result on the right, which a fixed rule produces from it. The child can complete such a table if they know or find the rule, and they can describe what happens in the table: if one bottle costs 2 francs, two bottles cost 4 francs and three bottles cost 6 francs. The curriculum points refer to several school years and include linear number sequences and tables with whole numbers as well as tables with money amounts, for example 100 g for 5.40 Fr. and 200 g for 10.80 Fr. In Grade 4, the practice focuses mainly on what the task templates show: completing tables with a calculation rule, finding a rule, and recognising errors in a table.

A typical mistake is not applying the rule, but simply counting on through the numbers or adding a fixed difference. With a multiplication rule ×3, for example, the child writes 7 for input 4 instead of 12, because they calculate 4 + 3. With money amounts in francs and centimes, it often happens that decimal places are handled incorrectly. A helpful check is the test: the rule found is tested on a second row before the rest of the table is completed. This check is a suggestion for practice and not a requirement of its own.

On the worksheets in this area, the child encounters, among others, the following task types:

  • Function table: complete using the multiplication rule
  • Rule table (subtraction): complete the results
  • Table of values: find the rule
  • Rule table: which number was put in
  • Rule table: correct the errors
  • Function table: calculation machine, rule of the machine: choose the number and select the machine's result

The worksheets are printable and include solutions, so that parents can check their child's results.

Reading data from tables and bar charts

The child reads values from tables and bar charts and calculates with them, for example to determine differences.

Curriculum point MA.3.B.1.i can check results and statements about functional relationships, in particular by interpreting tables, graphs and diagrams (e.g. the commute by bicycle and train from X to Y takes less time and is cheaper than the journey by car). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.3.B.2.b can systematically combine and vary (e.g. pairings with 6 children). can pose and answer questions about statistical data (e.g. the longest route to school is more than twice as long as the shortest; most children live less than 1 km away from school). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.3.C.1.b can collect, record, order and interpret frequencies, lengths and prices (e.g. tally lists of dice throws; body heights). can represent quantities from the environment (e.g. 7 blond children with 7 squares, 5 brown-haired children with 5 squares). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.3.C.1.d can represent and interpret data on lengths, capacities, weights, durations, quantities and prices in tables and diagrams (e.g. on pets). can carry out random experiments, record results and interpret them (e.g. throw two dice 50 times). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.3.C.1.e can collect, sort, represent and interpret data statistically (e.g. school routes: distance, means of transport, duration). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.3.C.1.j can establish relationships between different quantities based on data (e.g. the connection between distance run and winning in football). can work on social (e.g. accident prevention), economic (e.g. interest, discount, leasing) and ecological (e.g. water consumption, waste disposal) questions and compare numerical data in absolute and relative terms. (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.3.C.2.d can ask questions about texts, tables and diagrams, carry out their own calculations, and interpret and check the results. (our translation)

In Grade 4, the child reads values from tables and column charts and continues to work with them. The numbers range up to one million, as the topic area of this grade specifies. The curriculum describes this ability for an entire level. For Grade 4, the tasks mainly show that the child reads information from a representation and calculates differences or comparisons.

Typically, the child reads the wrong row or column because it does not reliably connect the name of a category with the corresponding number. For columns, the height on the grid is sometimes read incorrectly. For the difference, the child then calculates with the wrong values, or adds when the question asks "how much more". For "true or false" tasks, the child sometimes judges based on gut feeling instead of looking at the table again.

Tasks of this kind look, for example, like this:

  • Table: how much more according to the table? Compare two values and state the difference.
  • Difference between two rows: choose the correct answer Select the matching answer from several options.
  • Difference between two rows: true or false Check a statement about the table.
  • Table: gap between the largest and smallest value Find the largest and the smallest value and calculate the difference.
  • Table: how many groups are above the number? Compare the values with a reference number and count them.
  • Table: which category has the most? Find the highest value in a column.
  • Column chart: how many more? Compare two columns and determine the difference.

Understanding Place Values of Three-Digit Numbers

Your child learns to name the value of each digit in a three-digit number (hundreds, tens or ones) and to read off or build numbers from blocks.

Curriculum point MA.1.A.1.e understand and use the terms addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, remainder, number line, square number, hundreds, thousands, place values. can read and write natural numbers up to 1'000. (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.1.B.3.c can use place-value charts when exploring arithmetic structures (e.g. placing counters into the place-value chart and moving them). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.1.C.2.e are able to represent the meaning of the digits in the place-value system (e.g. 2 hundred flats, 5 ten rods and 7 unit cubes represent 257). (our translation)

Your child recognises, for numbers up to 1000, what each digit stands for: the digit on the far left counts hundreds, the middle one tens, and the right one ones. For 257 that means 2 hundreds, 5 tens and 7 ones. The same can be shown with 100-plates, 10-rods and 1-cubes. The curriculum points name the number range up to 1000; the tasks on these worksheets work with three-digit numbers made up of hundreds, tens and ones.

A typical mistake happens when the digit is seen only as a single number. Asked "How many full tens does 257 have?", the child then answers 5, although it is 25 tens. Asked "How many ones altogether?", it names 7, although 257 is 257 ones in total. The reason: the place value determines the value of the digit, not the digit alone. A zero in the middle is also sometimes overlooked, so that 205 is written or read as 25.

Typical tasks on the worksheets are:

  • Put together a number from H, T and O
  • Split the number into hundreds and the remainder
  • Read the number from the blocks
  • How many full tens does the number have? and How many ones altogether?
  • Place value: true or false (check statements about place values)

Recognizing Halves and Quarters

Your child learns to fold or divide a whole, such as a square, rectangle or circle, into equal parts and to name the share as a half or a quarter.

Curriculum point MA.1.A.1.g understand and use the terms fraction, percent, factor, multiples, numerator, denominator, estimate, round. use the symbols %, ≈. can read and write decimal numbers and fractions. (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.1.C.2.g can illustrate regularities in the domain of natural numbers with examples (e.g. square numbers have an odd number of divisors → 16: 1, 2, 4, 8, 16). can represent fractions with denominators 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10 and compare them, as well as interpret representations (e.g. circle and rectangle models, number line). can describe number sequences with positive rational numbers (e.g. ½, ¼, ⅛, ...; 0.7, 0.77, 0.777, ...). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.2.C.2.b can halve the area of squares and rectangles (e.g. fold a rectangle into four equal strips and colour 2 of the 4 strips). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.2.C.2.c can fold squares, rectangles, and circles into 2, 4, 8 or 16 equal parts. (our translation)

In 4th grade, your child folds or draws squares, rectangles and circles into 2 or 4 equal parts and names the shaded parts, for example: 2 of 4 strips are coloured, so that is one half. The curriculum covers a longer period for this topic: it also includes fractions with the denominators 3, 5, 6, 8 and 10, comparing fractions on a circle, on a rectangle and on a number line, and number sequences such as ½, ¼, ⅛. The tasks in this grade focus on halves and quarters.

The typical mistake lies in the parts themselves: they are not equal in size, for example when a rectangle is divided unevenly into a large and a small piece. Then the counting no longer works, even if the number of parts is correct. A second common misconception is that ¼ seems larger than ½ because the 4 is bigger than the 2. However, the denominator tells you how many parts the whole has been divided into, not how big a single part is.

Typical tasks in this area are:

  • Part of a whole (halves and quarters): Your child names the coloured share of a figure.
  • Fraction of a set: With 12 marbles, ¼ is 3 marbles. Your child says how many one part is, chooses how many there are in total, or determines the whole set.
  • Part of a set: find the mistake: Your child looks for the incorrect division or the incorrect counting.
  • How many parts stay unshaded: true or false: Your child checks whether a statement about the unshaded parts is correct.
  • Invent sets for the same division: Your child finds their own sets that give the same fraction.

Adding and subtracting in writing

The children learn to write numbers one above the other and to work out additions as well as subtractions step by step in written form. In doing so, they note down their calculation method and check their result.

Curriculum point MA.1.A.3.d can note down calculation methods when adding and subtracting and check the results. can add and subtract in writing. know the products of the small multiplication table. (our translation)

In Year 4, children calculate additions and subtractions in written form: the numbers are written one below the other, aligned by place value, and calculated step by step. The curriculum does not specify a number range for this. The tasks at this level do show what it is about, however: adding three-digit numbers, adding three numbers together, and subtractions up to 1000. The products of the small multiplication table are also part of the foundations, but they are not practised specifically on this page.

A typical mistake in subtraction is that children always subtract the smaller digit from the larger one, no matter which one is on top. For example, 52 − 27 becomes 35, because 7 − 2 = 5 and 5 − 2 = 3 is calculated. In addition, the carry-over, i.e. the tens that move into the next place value, is often forgotten or written down incorrectly. A short check is therefore helpful: anyone who checks the result with an inverse calculation usually notices such errors themselves.

Typical tasks on the worksheets are:

  • Add three-digit numbers in written form and Written addition step by step
  • Add three numbers in written form
  • Written subtraction up to 1000
  • Written subtraction: correct the errors, in which a faulty calculation method is found and corrected
  • Written subtraction: choose the result and Written addition, three-digit: choose the result, in which the correct result is selected from several options
  • Missing addend in written addition, in which the missing number is to be found

Checking calculations with the inverse operation

The child learns to check calculations using the inverse operation, for example checking a subtraction with addition or a division with multiplication.

Curriculum point MA.1.A.4.c can use addition as the inverse operation of subtraction (e.g. 18 - 15 = 3, because 15 + 3 = 18). can use relationships between additions with the commutative law (e.g. 2 + 18 = 18 +2) and the associative law (e.g. 17 + 18 = 17 + 3 + 15 = 20 + 15). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.1.A.4.e understand division as the inverse operation of multiplication and the connection to addition (e.g. 28 : 7 = 4 → 28 = 4 · 7 → 28 = 7 + 7 + 7 + 7). can use relationships between the small times tables and the tens times tables. (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.1.B.2.c can check products using a sum (e.g. 3 · 4 = 4 + 4 + 4). can check differences using the inverse operation (e.g. 27 - 6 = 21 → 21 + 6 = 27). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.1.B.2.d can check quotients using the inverse operation (e.g. 21 : 3 = 7 → 7 · 3 = 21). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.1.B.2.e can justify divisions with remainder using the inverse operation (e.g. 32 : 6 leaves a remainder because 32 is not a number in the 6 times table). (our translation)

A child can check a calculation result by applying the inverse operation. From 27 − 6 = 21, the child checks 21 + 6 = 27, and from 21 : 3 = 7, the child checks 7 · 3 = 21. The curriculum describes this skill across several school years. In Year 4, the worksheets mainly show checking tasks for addition, subtraction, multiplication and division.

It is typical for the child to repeat the same calculation to check it, instead of using the inverse operation. Then it does not confirm a mistake but repeats it. With subtractions, the direction is also often confused: instead of finding the starting number, the difference is simply calculated again. With divisions, the numbers are sometimes swapped, so that 21 : 3 becomes a calculation such as 3 · 21.

In lessons, the child mainly encounters these task formats:

  • Check addition by subtraction: An addition result is calculated back with a subtraction.
  • Check subtraction: with addition: A difference result is checked with an addition.
  • Check subtraction: true or false: The child decides whether a given calculation is correct.
  • From which number was subtracted? Choose: The child determines the starting number of a subtraction.
  • Check subtraction: correct the error: The child finds a wrong calculation using the inverse calculation and corrects it.
  • Multiplication and division: how many before sharing: The child works back from the shared quantity to the original quantity.
  • Multiplication and division: what was multiplied by: The child finds the missing factor and checks it with division.

For home, a good question is: „How can you check the result with the other operation?“

Corners, Edges and Faces of Prisms and Pyramids

The child can count the corners, edges and faces of prisms and pyramids and use the terms corner, edge and face correctly.

Curriculum point MA.2.A.1.e understand and use the terms point, corner, edge, face, cube, cuboid. (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.2.A.1.l understand and use the terms tetrahedron, space diagonal, height of the solid, slant height, circular sector, vertex, similarity, hypotenuse, leg, tangent, chord. can describe solids by their properties (lengths of line segments, parallelism of line segments, angles between line segments and surfaces, surface area, volume, space diagonals, net, number and shape of the lateral faces, vertices and edges). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.2.B.2.a can explore and describe properties of figures and solids (e.g. halving a square produces, among others, triangles or rectangles). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.2.C.1.g can build cubes and cuboids from squares and rectangles and vice versa, and draw the net of cubes and cuboids by unfolding. (our translation)

The child learns to identify and count the corners, edges and faces of a solid. The curriculum points describe a longer period and do not name a specific number range. What is expected in Grade 4 is shown by the tasks at this level: it is about counting on the solid itself, that is, on prisms such as cubes and cuboids as well as on pyramids.

Edges on the back are often overlooked because only the visible lines in the picture are counted. Likewise, children often confuse corners and edges, or do not count the base as a face when working with a pyramid. The reason is usually that a solid is shown only flat in the picture and not all parts are equally easy to see.

Typical tasks at this level are:

  • Edges of a solid in the picture, Faces of a solid in the picture and Corners of a solid in the picture: The child counts the parts of a pictured solid.
  • Prism: how many corners?, Prism: how many edges? and Pyramid: how many edges? as well as Pyramid: how many faces?: The child determines the number directly on the solid.
  • Prism: choose the number of edges and Pyramid: choose the number of edges as well as Prism: choose the number of corners: The child chooses the correct number from given answers.
  • Prism: base from the number of edges and Pyramid: base from the number of edges: The child infers the shape of the base from the number of edges.

A suggestion of our own, not part of the curriculum points: If a real solid is available, such as a cube or a pyramid-shaped toy from the toy shelf, the child can trace the edges with a finger. This makes the edges on the back easier to notice.

Compare and order numbers up to 1000

The child can compare two numbers up to 1000 with one another, use the signs <, > or = to show which is greater, and arrange several numbers from smallest to largest (or from largest to smallest).

Curriculum point MA.1.A.2.e can count forwards and backwards in the number range up to 1'000 in 1s, 2s, 10s and 100s, starting from any number. can order numbers up to 1'000. (our translation)

By the end of Year 4, your child should be able to compare and order numbers within the range up to 1000 with confidence. This means recognising which number is larger, how much larger it is, and how several numbers belong in order.

A typical mistake happens when the child compares the digits one by one, starting from the back. For 145 and 254, for example, the last digit says "5 is greater than 4", so 145 seems to be larger. The correct answer is 254, because the hundreds digit decides: 2 hundreds are more than 1 hundred. It helps to look first at the hundreds, then at the tens, and only at the end at the ones.

In the worksheet on this topic, you will find tasks such as these:

  • Compare numbers up to 1000: how much larger?
  • How much more up to 1000: true or false
  • How much more up to 1000: choose the correct answer
  • Order numbers up to 1000: from the smallest
  • Place the sign: numbers up to 1000
  • Compare numbers up to 1000: which is the largest?

Solving Simple Word Problems

The child reads a short math story, decides whether addition or subtraction is needed, calculates, and gives the answer in the context of the story.

Curriculum point MA.1.C.2.b can represent numbers up to 20 in a structured way (e.g. based on fives and tens: 9 = 5 + 4; 12 = 10 + 2). can make additions and subtractions concrete using actions, number stories and pictures. (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.1.C.2.d can illustrate basic operations with actions, situational pictures, arithmetic stories and graphic structures, and interpret illustrations. can show and describe relationships in and between basic operations (e.g. the change in the products 1 · 3, 2 · 4, 3 · 5, 4 · 6, ...). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.3.B.1.c can explore real-life situations involving quantities, distances, points in time, durations and prices, and describe and ask about relationships (e.g. compare the duration of the outward and return journey with the outward journey) (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.3.C.2.b can write down basic operations for real-life situations, arithmetic stories and pictures, solve them and interpret the results (e.g. 13 girls and 5 boys as 18 children; 1 book costs 10 Fr. → 5 books cost 5 · 10 Fr.). recognise essential and non-essential information for solving problems (e.g. a book is 5 cm thick, has 75 pages and is free. How much does one pay for it?). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.3.C.3.b can give meaning to additions and subtractions with arithmetic stories, pictures and actions (e.g. 12 + 8 → on the playground there are 12 girls and 8 boys). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.3.C.3.c can give meaning to basic operations and tables with arithmetic stories, pictures and actions (e.g. 5 · 8 → a child builds 5 houses with 8 blocks each). (our translation)

Your child can read a short word problem, find the matching calculation, and relate the result back to the story. For example: On the playground there are 13 girls and 5 boys. The question asks for the number of all children, so 13 + 5 = 18. This also includes recognising which information is needed to answer the question. The curriculum examples work with numbers up to 20; the task templates for this area show which types of tasks appear in this year group.

It is typical for a child to calculate with all the numbers in the text, even with a piece of information that is not important for the question at all. Just as often, the child chooses the operation based on a keyword such as "more" or "gone" without really understanding the story. The calculation is then correct, but the answer does not fit the question. A bare number such as "18" is also incomplete; "18 children" is better.

On the worksheets, your child will mainly encounter these types of tasks:

  • Simple word problem – how many are left
  • Choose the operation: subtraction (taken away) and addition (together)
  • Real-life task: how many were there at the start
  • Word problem with a superfluous number – how many are left
  • Real-life task: choose the correct result

The solutions are included so that you can go through the calculation together with your child.

Reading and writing numbers up to 1000

Your child can read and write natural numbers up to 1'000 in digits and in words, paying attention to the place values of hundreds, tens and ones.

Curriculum point MA.1.A.1.c understand and use the terms times, greater than, less than, even, odd, complement, halve, double, tens, ones and the symbols ·, <, >. can read and write natural numbers up to 100. (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.1.A.1.e understand and use the terms addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, remainder, number line, square number, hundreds, thousands, place values. can read and write natural numbers up to 1'000. (our translation)

Your child learns to read and write numbers up to 1'000 in digits and in words. The curriculum point for this (MA.1.A.1.e) covers a longer period and not only Year 4. The step before it, numbers up to 100 (MA.1.A.1.c), is a prerequisite. In this class, numbers within the working range are practised in digits and in words.

A typical mistake is leaving out a zero when nothing appears in the middle of a number. The word dreihundertfünf then becomes 35 instead of 305, or the number 350 is written as 35. The reason: each digit stands for a place value. The zero shows that the tens place is empty and so keeps the place for the hundreds free.

On the worksheet for this topic, your child will find these types of tasks:

  • Write the number in digits: Number words are translated into digits.
  • Read the number in words: Digits are read as number words.
  • Zero in the middle: The way a number with an empty tens or ones place is written is corrected.
  • Number words: correct the error: An incorrectly written number is found and written correctly.
  • Number words: choose the digit form: The correct digit form is selected from several written versions.
  • Number words: true or false: Statements about number words and digits are checked for accuracy.

Estimating in Everyday Life: Rounding Prices and Totals

The child learns to estimate prices, sums and differences roughly in everyday life by rounding to tens, and to check whether the exact result is plausible.

Curriculum point MA.3.A.2.e can estimate, measure and convert between neighbouring units of measurement: l, dl; m, cm, mm; kg, g (e.g. 2'000 g = 2 kg). can add, subtract and multiply quantities: l, dl; m, cm, mm; kg, g (e.g. 3 cm 5 mm + 2 cm 7 mm). can estimate lengths, volumes and weights and compare them with representative examples. (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.3.A.2.f can estimate and measure lengths, weights, capacities, points in time and durations, and state them with a suitable unit of measurement. (our translation)

In grade 4, the child estimates results in everyday life by rounding numbers to the nearest ten and calculating roughly. In this way, it understands approximately how much something costs or how much will add up, and can check whether an exact result makes sense.

A typical mistake is rounding only one of the numbers, or rounding both in different directions, so that the estimate turns out significantly too high or too low. Another mistake is treating the estimate like an exact result. When paying, rounding up helps: those who round prices up prefer to plan for a bit more money rather than end up with too little.

Tasks on this include, for example:

  • Estimate costs by rounding up
  • Estimate: find prices that fit the estimate
  • Estimate the sum: round to the nearest ten
  • Estimate the difference: round to the nearest ten
  • Estimate: does the result fit in
  • Roughly how much do we pay together

The child rounds prices or numbers from everyday life and decides, for example, whether the money is enough or a result is plausible. The curriculum describes estimating lengths, weights and volumes (such as in m, cm, kg or l) over several school years; such tasks do not belong to the templates listed here.

Finding and correcting calculation errors

The child learns to check a calculation with an inverse calculation, a simplification or a decomposition, to find an error and to state the correct result.

Curriculum point MA.1.B.2.c can check products using a sum (e.g. 3 · 4 = 4 + 4 + 4). can check differences using the inverse operation (e.g. 27 - 6 = 21 → 21 + 6 = 27). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.1.B.2.g can check results of basic operations by simplifying (e.g. 8 · 13 = 4 · 26 = 2 · 52), decomposing (e.g. 17.8 + 23.5 = 17 + 3 + 20 + 1.3) and using inverse operations (our translation)

Your child learns to check calculations instead of trusting the first result. To do this, they use inverse operations: if 27 − 6 = 21 was calculated, then 21 + 6 gives 27 again, and the calculation is correct. For multiplications, they can check a product as a sum (3 · 4 = 4 + 4 + 4) or simplify the calculation (8 · 13 = 4 · 26 = 2 · 52). The number range of this class goes up to one million.

Typically, a result is accepted without being checked. A single mistake, such as a forgotten carry-over or a misplaced digit, thus goes unnoticed. Anyone who does not do the reverse calculation also does not notice that 21 + 6 does not give 27.

Tasks on this topic look like this on the worksheets:

  • Subtraction: correct the wrong result
  • Multiplication: correct the wrong result
  • Correct subtraction result: decide whether it is right or wrong, or choose the correct answer
  • Addition and subtraction: find the error in two steps
  • Subtraction: work out by how much someone was wrong

Units of measurement: kg, g, l, dl and more

The child correctly names units of measurement such as kg, g, l, dl, km, dm, mm, h and min, and uses everyday quantities such as 1 kg or 100 g as reference points.

Curriculum point MA.3.A.1.e understand and use the terms weight, capacity, point in time, duration, second. can orient themselves by reference quantities: 1 km, 1 dm, 1 mm, 1 kg, 100 g, 1 l, 1 dl, 1 h, 1 min (e.g. associate 1 kg with a packet of flour). can name and use units of measurement and their abbreviations: lengths (km, dm, mm), capacity measures (l, dl), weights (kg, g), time (h, min). (our translation)

The child learns to handle everyday units of measurement: weight in grams and kilograms, liquid volume in litres and decilitres, lengths in millimetres, decimetres and kilometres, and time in minutes and hours. To help with this, it is useful to have reference quantities in mind, such as 1 kg (a bag of flour), 100 g, 1 l or 1 dl. The curriculum points describe an entire learning stage and not just this class. What is practised concretely in the 4th class is shown by the task types below.

An obvious mistake is mixing up kilograms and grams. Anyone who equates 1 kg with 100 g because 100 g feels more familiar, or who, when completing to a full kilogram, only counts up to 100 instead of 1000, will arrive at wrong results. It helps to think of the units as parts of a whole: one kilogram has 1000 grams.

Typical tasks in this class, also available as printable worksheets with solutions:

  • Scales: How many grams does it show?
  • Kilograms into smaller units: Judge statements as true or false.
  • Convert kilograms into smaller units of mass.
  • Mass: How much is missing to a full kilogram? How many grams are missing to reach one kilogram?
  • Units of mass from kilograms upward: Choose the matching result.
  • How many portions the package is enough for.

Reading the clock: full and half hours

The child reads times on analogue and digital clocks, such as full and half hours, and counts the minutes up to the full hour.

Curriculum point MA.3.A.1.c understand and use the terms length, metre, centimetre, time, hours, minutes, francs, Rappen, price. can orient themselves by reference quantities: 1 centimetre, 1 metre. can use units of measurement for money and length and the abbreviations Fr., Rp., cm, m. (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.3.A.2.b can lay out whole franc amounts up to 20 francs as well as add and subtract them. can determine the time to the half hour. (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.3.A.2.d can form, add and subtract amounts of money in Fr. and Rp. (e.g. form 20 Fr. with 2 · 5 Fr. + 5 · 2 Fr.; 25 Fr. 60 Rp. + 14 Fr. 30 Rp.). can determine analogue and digital times. (our translation)

The curriculum requires that times be determined on analog and digital clocks, specifically to the half hour. It describes this level across several school years. What is practised concretely in Year 4 is shown by the task templates in this area.

A typical mistake arises from confusing the two hands. The short hand shows the hour, the long hand the minutes. If the long hand is read as the hour hand, the hour will be wrong. A second common mistake: when the short hand sits between two numbers, the child rounds to the nearer hour instead of taking the hour before, because the hand has already moved on.

In practice, the child meets these tasks:

  • Read the clock: right or wrong, a time that has been read is checked.
  • Clock: correct the reading error, an incorrect reading is corrected.
  • Read the clock, the time is determined from a clock face.
  • Clock: how many minutes until the full hour?, the distance to the next full hour is counted.
  • Clock: which one shows the earlier time?, two clocks are compared.
  • Read the clock: which time does the clock face show, a time is matched to a clock face.

Capacity: How much fits inside?

Your child learns to state the contents of containers in litres and millilitres, to compare them, and to determine the required amounts when filling.

Curriculum point MA.2.A.3.b can compare lengths using auxiliary units (e.g. finger length or grid) and measure accurately to 1 cm. can measure and compare the contents of containers using a beaker. (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.3.A.1.e understand and use the terms weight, capacity, point in time, duration, second. can orient themselves by reference quantities: 1 km, 1 dm, 1 mm, 1 kg, 100 g, 1 l, 1 dl, 1 h, 1 min (e.g. associate 1 kg with a packet of flour). can name and use units of measurement and their abbreviations: lengths (km, dm, mm), capacity measures (l, dl), weights (kg, g), time (h, min). (our translation)

Your child can state the contents of containers in litres (l) and decilitres (dl) and use reference quantities such as 1 l or 1 dl as a guide, for example a carton of milk. On the measuring jug, they read quantities in millilitres. The curriculum does not name a separate number range for capacity. The tasks in this class work with whole litres, half litres and millilitres.

A common assumption is that a tall, narrow container holds more than a wide, low one. This impression is misleading, and the contents are estimated instead of compared. Litres and decilitres are also often confused, for example when 2 dl is read as 2 l, or when the wrong scale is read on the measuring jug.

You will find tasks on this in the printable worksheets with solutions:

  • Measuring jug: How much water is poured in, in millilitres?
  • Capacity: How much is missing until it is full?
  • Capacity: How many litres do half-litre bottles make?
  • Capacity: True or false?
  • Capacity: How many bottles does the juice fill?
  • Capacity: Choosing the right number of bottles
  • Capacity: How much more does a container hold?

Counting forwards and backwards in equal steps

The child learns to count forwards and backwards in equal steps starting from any number, and to recognise which number is missing or wrong in a number sequence.

Curriculum point MA.1.A.2.b can count forward and backward from any numbers in the number range up to 20. can count forward in steps of 2, from 2 to 20. can spontaneously show finger patterns from 1 to 10 as well as recognize quantities up to 5 without counting. (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.1.A.2.c can count forward in 1s, 2s, 5s and 10s in the number range up to 100. can order numbers in the 100s number range (e.g. on the number line and on the 100 chart). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.1.A.2.d can count forwards and backwards from any numbers within the number range up to 100. can count forwards and backwards from any multiples of 10 in steps of 2, 5 and 10 within the number range up to 100. (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.1.A.2.e can count forwards and backwards in the number range up to 1'000 in 1s, 2s, 10s and 100s, starting from any number. can order numbers up to 1'000. (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.1.B.1.b can systematically vary additions up to 20, describe their effects or show them with visual materials (e.g. 8 + 8 = 16, 8 + 9 = 17; the sum increases by 1 because the second addend increases by 1). can form, continue and modify number sequences (figurate numbers) (e.g. 1, 2, 3 / 2, 3, 4 / 3, 4, 5 / 4, 5, 6). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.1.B.3.b can use dot arrays, hundred charts and number lines when exploring arithmetic patterns (e.g. the positions of the 9 times table on the hundred chart). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.3.A.3.b can describe and continue linear number sequences and value tables with integers (e.g. 0, 9, 18, 27, 36, ...; 1 m → 8 Fr.; 2 m → 16 Fr.; 3 m → 24 Fr., ...). (our translation)

The child counts forward and backward from any number in equal steps. The Lehrplan 21 describes this skill across several levels: within the number range up to 20 (for example in steps of 2), up to 100 (in steps of 1, 2, 5 and 10), and up to 1'000 (in steps of 1, 2, 10 and 100). The worksheets in this area mainly practise counting on and counting back in equal steps.

A typical mistake: the step is not kept. A child who counts on from 18 in steps of 2 may say 19 instead of 20, because they only counted on by 1. Or the starting number itself is counted as the first step. This happens especially often when counting back, particularly when crossing a tens or hundreds place. The task "Counting in steps: correct the wrong number" makes such mistakes visible, because the child has to recognise a wrong number in the sequence and replace it.

Typical tasks in this area:

  • Count on in the same step: The child continues a number sequence in equal steps.
  • Count backward in equal steps: The child counts down from a number in equal steps.
  • Counting in steps: choose the next number: The child chooses, from several options, the number that comes next in the pattern.
  • Counting in steps: correct the wrong number: The child finds a wrong number in a row and corrects it.
  • Counting on: how many counts are needed? The child determines how many steps are needed to get from one number to another.
  • How many additions: choose the number: The child determines how many times an equal step must be added to reach a target number.

Doubling two-digit numbers

The child learns to double a two-digit number, that is, to multiply it by 2, and to write the result correctly.

Curriculum point MA.1.A.3.e can add and subtract up to 4 significant digits mentally (e.g. 320'000 + 38'000; 402 + 90). can multiply up to 4 significant digits (mentally or by writing down own calculation methods, e.g. 45 · 240). can divide natural numbers by one-digit divisors (mentally or by writing down own calculation methods, e.g. 231 : 7). (our translation)

In this grade, your child can multiply a two-digit number by 2, that is, double it, for example 34 · 2 or 58 · 2. The curriculum objective on multiplying and dividing extends over several school years and covers larger numbers. For Grade 4, the worksheets show what is practised here: doubling two-digit numbers.

A typical mistake: the child calculates tens and ones separately and simply writes the partial results next to each other. For 47 · 2, this gives something like 814 instead of 94, because from 4 · 2 = 8 and 7 · 2 = 14 the digit sequence becomes 814. Often the reason is that carrying from the ones to the tens is not yet secure. Another confusion is that instead of doubling, only 2 is added.

Typical tasks in this grade are:

  • Two-digit number times 2: The child works out tasks such as 26 · 2 or 73 · 2.
  • Doubling: which number doubled gives this? The number sought is the one that, doubled, gives 46, that is, 23.
  • Multiplying by 2: right or wrong The child checks whether a given calculation is correct.
  • Multiplying by 2: choosing the correct result The matching solution is selected from several options.
  • Doubling: how much more after doubling both? Two numbers are doubled, and the child compares how much larger the difference is afterwards.

Comparing and ordering lengths and weights

Your child learns to compare objects by a quantity, such as length or weight, to put them in order, or to determine the difference between two quantities.

Curriculum point MA.1.B.2.a can check statements about quantities and number positions using concrete materials (e.g. a tower with 3 blocks is taller than one with 2). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.2.A.1.b can order and describe line segments, circles, triangles, squares, rectangles as well as spheres and cubes. They use the terms longer, shorter, longest, shortest, bigger, smaller, biggest, smallest. can identify and name overlapping figures (e.g. by tracing the outline). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.2.A.3.a experience the constancy of lengths and volumes when the shape changes (e.g. the length remaining the same after bending wires). can compare the lengths of different line courses (e.g. paths on squared paper). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.2.A.3.c can compare side lengths and areas of triangles and quadrilaterals as well as volumes of cubes and cuboids (e.g. by covering two rectangles of different sizes with squares) (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.3.A.1.a can describe objects and situations using long/short (temporal and spatial), fast/slow, before/after, wide/narrow, thick/thin, big/small, heavy/light. (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.3.A.1.b understand and use the terms money, coins and banknotes between 1 and 20 francs. can describe differences between objects and situations using comparative and superlative forms, in particular with regard to prices, lengths, points in time, durations, weights and contents (e.g. B is heavier than A, C is the heaviest). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.3.A.2.a can distribute lengths and volumes (e.g. cut a string into roughly equal parts or share water out into cups). can divide the course of the day into morning, noon, afternoon, evening and night (e.g. assign activities to the parts of the day). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.3.B.1.a can compare quantities, lengths, areas and volumes with one another. (our translation)

Your child can compare objects by a property, for example by length or weight. When doing so, it uses the comparative forms longer, shorter, longest, shortest as well as heavier, lighter, lightest. The curriculum does not specify a separate number range for this comparison. The tasks in this class work with lengths and weights.

A typical mistake occurs when a child, asked «Um wie viel länger?» (How much longer?), names the length of one of the two objects instead of calculating the difference. Another common misconception concerns lines: a wire that is bent stays the same length, even though it looks shorter. The child then estimates by appearance instead of by the actual length.

Typical tasks in this area are:

  • Compare lengths: which one is the longest?
  • Compare lengths: how much longer is the ribbon?
  • How much longer: choose the correct answer
  • How much longer: true or false
  • Mass: order from the lightest

Certain, possible or impossible: estimating chances

The child learns to classify statements about events as "certain", "possible" or "impossible" and to use these terms correctly.

Curriculum point MA.3.A.1.g understand and use the terms (un)likely, (im)possible, certain. (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.3.B.2.a can vary, order and record arrangements (e.g. two-digit numbers with the digits 1, 2, 3; equally long paths on a schematic city map; seating arrangements of three children). can assess the influenceability of situations (e.g. influenceability of the weather; influenceability of the duration of the journey to school). (our translation)

The child can understand and use the terms sure, possible and impossible. The curriculum also mentions probable and improbable for this point. It does not specify a number range, so it is not about calculating but about classifying statements.

A typical stumbling block is confusing "possible" with "sure". If something can happen, the child often thinks it will definitely happen. Likewise, "impossible" is sometimes used to mean "rather unlikely". These terms often have a different meaning in everyday life than in mathematics.

Typical tasks on the worksheets are:

  • Fill the bag: sure, possible or impossible: The child places marbles into a bag so that drawing one is sure, possible or impossible.
  • Sure, possible or impossible: The child assigns statements to the three terms.
  • Correct it: sure, possible or impossible: A wrongly classified statement is corrected.
  • Sure, possible or impossible? True or false: The child decides whether a given statement is true.
  • Sure, possible or impossible? Choose: The child selects the appropriate term from several options.

The worksheets on this topic practise sure, possible and impossible. Tasks on probable and improbable are not included.

Finding the Successor and Predecessor of a Number

The child names, for a given number, the number directly after it (successor) and the number directly before it (predecessor), by counting one step forward or backward.

Curriculum point MA.1.A.2.b can count forward and backward from any numbers in the number range up to 20. can count forward in steps of 2, from 2 to 20. can spontaneously show finger patterns from 1 to 10 as well as recognize quantities up to 5 without counting. (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.1.A.2.d can count forwards and backwards from any numbers within the number range up to 100. can count forwards and backwards from any multiples of 10 in steps of 2, 5 and 10 within the number range up to 100. (our translation)

The child can say which number comes directly after a given number (successor = plus 1) and which comes directly before it (predecessor = minus 1). The curriculum points refer to counting forwards and backwards from any number within the number range up to 20 and up to 100. They therefore describe a longer learning phase and not only Grade 4.

A typical error occurs when crossing a tens or hundreds boundary. For 39, the successor is sometimes written incorrectly as 310 or 40, or for 100 the predecessor is given as 10. The child then looks at the digits individually, instead of changing the number as a whole by one.

In Grade 4, the tasks in this area mainly show whether the child determines the neighbouring number reliably. These include, for example:

  • Sum of successor and predecessor: The child forms the successor and predecessor of a number and adds them.
  • Successor plus predecessor: choose the correct answer: The matching solution is selected from several options.
  • Successor plus predecessor: true or false: The child checks a given calculation.
  • Which number is 1 less: The child names the predecessor.
  • Which number is 1 greater: The child names the successor.

The Kilometer: 1 km is 1000 meters

The child knows the unit of length kilometre (km), uses 1 km as a reference, and converts kilometres into metres.

Curriculum point MA.3.A.1.e understand and use the terms weight, capacity, point in time, duration, second. can orient themselves by reference quantities: 1 km, 1 dm, 1 mm, 1 kg, 100 g, 1 l, 1 dl, 1 h, 1 min (e.g. associate 1 kg with a packet of flour). can name and use units of measurement and their abbreviations: lengths (km, dm, mm), capacity measures (l, dl), weights (kg, g), time (h, min). (our translation)

The child can name and use the unit of length kilometre (km) and use the reference size 1 km, for example a distance that one walks on foot. The child knows that 1 km corresponds to 1000 m and can convert length measurements given in kilometres and metres into metres. The numbers are within the range of numbers up to one million that 4th grade works with.

A common mistake is that children underestimate the step from metres to kilometres and set 1 km too small, for example as 100 m or 10 m. This is because km, m and cm sound similar in everyday life and the units are easily confused. With compound lengths such as 2 km 350 m, the numbers are sometimes simply put together, instead of converting the kilometres and the metres separately.

Typical tasks on this topic are:

  • Converting kilometres and metres into metres
  • Kilometres into metres: choose the correct answer
  • Kilometres into metres: true or false
  • Kilometres: how many whole kilometres?
  • Kilometres: how much is missing to the next whole kilometre?

The worksheets for these tasks are printable and include solutions.

Recognizing and naming geometric solids

Your child learns to recognize cube, cuboid, sphere, cylinder and pyramid by their features, to name them and to find them again in the environment.

Curriculum point MA.2.A.1.a can draw and sort lines (e.g. short, long, straight, wavy lines). can name circle, triangle, rectangle, square, cube and sphere. (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.2.A.1.e understand and use the terms point, corner, edge, face, cube, cuboid. (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.2.A.1.f recognize and name geometric solids (cube, cuboid, sphere, cylinder, pyramid) and shapes in the environment and in pictures. (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.2.B.1.d explore figures and solids and can formulate relationships (e.g. the side faces of a cuboid are rectangles). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.2.B.2.a can explore and describe properties of figures and solids (e.g. halving a square produces, among others, triangles or rectangles). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.2.C.1.b can represent objects as figures and solids (e.g. a table as a rectangle, a tree crown as a sphere). (our translation)

Your child can name and recognise geometric solids, such as cube, cuboid, sphere, cylinder and pyramid. They find these solids in the environment and in pictures and use terms such as point, corner, edge and face. This also includes formulating simple relationships, for example that the faces of a cuboid are rectangles. The curriculum points do not name a number range for this topic, because it is about shape and properties, not about calculating.

A typical mistake is to name a solid based on a first impression and to confuse similar things, for example cube and cuboid or sphere and circle. A circle is a flat figure, while a sphere is a solid. Someone who does not pay attention to corners, edges and faces often cannot justify the difference.

In practice, the task templates at this level include, among others:

  • What is this solid called? A solid is shown, and the child names it.
  • Which solid is this? Choose The correct solid is selected from a set of options.
  • Which solid is this? True or false A statement about a solid is judged as true or false.
  • Solids: find an object in the shape of the solid The child looks for an everyday object that has the shape of a solid.
  • Solids: correct the name of the solid A solid with a wrong name is corrected.

Reading Data from Tables and Picture Graphs

The child reads quantities from tables and picture graphs, determines the total number, and fills in missing rows when the sum is known.

Curriculum point MA.3.C.1.b can collect, record, order and interpret frequencies, lengths and prices (e.g. tally lists of dice throws; body heights). can represent quantities from the environment (e.g. 7 blond children with 7 squares, 5 brown-haired children with 5 squares). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.3.C.1.c can represent lengths and prices graphically (e.g. 1 Fr. or 1 cm with one square each). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.3.C.1.d can represent and interpret data on lengths, capacities, weights, durations, quantities and prices in tables and diagrams (e.g. on pets). can carry out random experiments, record results and interpret them (e.g. throw two dice 50 times). (our translation)

The child can read and interpret quantities from tables and pictograms. In this class the main focus is finding the total: how many are there altogether? In a pictogram, one picture stands for several units. The child therefore has to multiply the number of pictures by the value of one picture, instead of just counting the pictures. The curriculum goals for tables and charts are built up over several school years. For numbers in these tasks, the area does not specify its own upper limit.

A typical mistake occurs with the pictogram: the child counts the pictures and forgets that each picture stands for several units. With the table, often only one row is considered, or a row is overlooked when adding. With the missing row, sometimes addition is used even though subtraction would be needed. Behind this is the question of how the parts relate to the whole: the rows of a table together give the sum, and a missing part is the difference between the sum and the known parts.

On the worksheet, these relationships appear in the following task types:

  • Table: how many altogether? The values of all rows are added together to get the total.
  • Pictogram: one picture stands for several The child works out what the pictures represent together.
  • The missing row when the sum is known The child finds the unknown part from the total.
  • Total from the table: choose the correct answer The child checks several results and selects the matching one.
  • Total from the table: true or false The child decides whether a given statement about the total is correct.

Adding and Subtracting Decimal Numbers

The child learns to add and subtract numbers with decimal commas, for example 30.8 + 5.6, and to show their working.

Curriculum point MA.1.A.3.f can add and subtract decimal numbers with up to 5 significant digits (mentally or by writing down their own calculation methods, e.g. 30.8 + 5.6). can simplify, expand, add and subtract fractions with the denominators 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 20, 50, 100 using the rectangle model. can carry out basic operations with a calculator. (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.1.C.1.f can represent, exchange and follow calculation methods for basic operations with decimal numbers (e.g. decompose 35.7 + 67.8 into several addends and represent it on the number line). (our translation)

The child learns to add and subtract decimal numbers (numbers with a decimal comma), for example with lengths or amounts of money. The curriculum sets the goal as decimal numbers with up to 5 significant digits, for example 30.8 + 5.6. This number range applies to the whole stage across several school years, not only to Year 4. It also includes showing and following one's own calculation method, for example splitting 35.7 + 67.8 into partial sums and representing them on a number line. Which numbers actually occur in Year 4 can be taken from the tasks.

A common mistake is that the decimal points are not lined up under each other. The digits are then written from the right, so tenths are calculated with hundredths. This happens because children carry over the way of writing from calculating with whole numbers and do not yet recognise the place after the decimal point as its own place value. It helps to place the decimal points vertically above each other and fill in missing places with zeros, for example 3.50 instead of 3.5. This is a tip for practice, not a separate requirement of the curriculum.

The tasks are available as printable worksheets with solutions, for example:

  • Adding decimal numbers and subtracting decimal numbers: the basic calculations.
  • Adding masses with decimal numbers: calculating with units of measurement.
  • Decimal numbers: missing addend and missing subtrahend: the child finds the number that is missing from the calculation.
  • true or false and choose the result: the child checks a calculation or selects the correct solution.

Volume of Cuboids: Counting Cubes and Calculating

The child learns to calculate the volume of a cuboid by building it from unit cubes, decomposing it into smaller cuboids, or composing it from two cuboids.

Curriculum point MA.2.A.3.e can measure and calculate the perimeter of polygons. can calculate the area of squares and rectangles. can build cuboids from a given number of cubes and decompose cuboids into a certain number of cuboids. (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.2.A.3.f can calculate the volume of cuboids. can approximately determine the area of non-rectangular figures on grids (e.g. counting the number of unit squares in a circle). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.2.B.1.k can systematically vary angles, line segments and areas on figures and solids and formulate conjectures (e.g. angle over a chord in a circle, ratio between the diameter and the circumference of a circle). can systematically vary edge lengths, surface areas or volumes of solids and formulate relationships (e.g. change of edge lengths, surface areas and volume of a cuboid when all edges are halved / doubled). can solve geometric problems constructively using dynamic geometry software and systematically vary figures and relationships (e.g. compare the squares on the two shorter sides of a triangle with the largest square in the triangle). (our translation)

The Lehrplan 21 requires that children can calculate the volume of cuboids. Within the same curriculum area, it also includes building cuboids from a given number of cubes and dividing cuboids into a specific number of smaller cuboids. The curriculum does not state a number range for volume. The task templates for this grade therefore serve as a guide.

A typical mistake is that children count only the visible cubes or leave out layers. The solid then appears smaller than it actually is. Volume is also often confused with area: the child counts squares on one face instead of the whole cubes in the solid.

Typical tasks in mathematics for this grade include:

  • Volume from unit cubes: A solid is built from small cubes, and the child determines how many cubes it contains.
  • Volume of a cuboid: The child calculates the volume of a given cuboid.
  • Volume of a solid made of two cuboids: The solid is composed of two cuboids, and the child determines the total volume from the parts.

There are printable worksheets with solutions on this topic that children can use to practise these types of tasks.

Converting lengths: mm, cm and m

The child learns to convert lengths between millimetres, centimetres and metres and to add lengths given in two units.

Curriculum point MA.3.A.2.e can estimate, measure and convert between neighbouring units of measurement: l, dl; m, cm, mm; kg, g (e.g. 2'000 g = 2 kg). can add, subtract and multiply quantities: l, dl; m, cm, mm; kg, g (e.g. 3 cm 5 mm + 2 cm 7 mm). can estimate lengths, volumes and weights and compare them with representative examples. (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.3.A.2.g can calculate with lengths, weights, volumes and time specifications and convert corresponding quantities into neighbouring units of measurement. (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.3.A.2.j can use the decimal system of units (SI system) and assign the prefixes mega, kilo, deci, centi and milli to the powers of ten. (our translation)

Your child learns to convert lengths between millimetres (mm), centimetres (cm) and metres (m), for example stating 3 m in cm. The rule is: 1 cm is 10 mm and 1 m is 100 cm. Your child also calculates with lengths in two units, for example 3 cm 5 mm + 2 cm 7 mm. The curriculum points span several school years. The tasks below show what is specifically practised in Year 4.

A typical mistake: when converting metres to centimetres, the factor 10 is used instead of 100, so 2 m becomes 20 cm instead of 200 cm. The rule for cm and mm (factor 10) is carried over unchanged. When adding, 12 mm is left as it is, although it should be written as 1 cm 2 mm. Often the idea is missing that a smaller unit gives a larger number.

In Year 4, the following task types are mainly set:

  • Convert to a smaller length unit
  • Convert to a larger length unit
  • Add lengths in two units
  • State a length in one unit
  • Length units: choose the converted value
  • Length in one unit: true or false
  • Length units: compare

At home, this can be practised well with a tape measure or ruler by measuring distances and converting the results into another unit. This is our own suggestion and not a curriculum goal.

Calculating the Area of Rectangles

Your child calculates the area of rectangles and squares from their side lengths and finds a missing side when the area is known.

Curriculum point MA.2.A.3.e can measure and calculate the perimeter of polygons. can calculate the area of squares and rectangles. can build cuboids from a given number of cubes and decompose cuboids into a certain number of cuboids. (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.2.B.1.f can explore relationships between side lengths and area of rectangles on a grid. (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.2.B.1.g can systematically vary line segments on figures, explore the effects, formulate and exchange conjectures (e.g. the area of a rectangle with a given perimeter using a grid) (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.2.B.2.d can check and justify or refute statements as well as perimeter and area formulas for squares and rectangles (e.g. in rectangles and squares the diagonals intersect at right angles). (our translation)

Your child can calculate the area of a rectangle and of a square, that is, the surface the shape covers. To do this, they multiply the two side lengths. On a grid, they explore how side lengths and area relate to each other. If the area and one side are given, they can determine the other side. The curriculum does not name a specific number range for this competence, so none is specified here.

A typical mistake is that children calculate the perimeter instead of the area, that is, they add up all the sides. Both terms refer to the same shape, and the tasks sound similar. When finding a missing side, the wrong operation is often chosen. Another stumbling block: if one side becomes twice as long, the area doubles. But if both sides become twice as long, the area quadruples. Many children expect that it will only double.

The tasks are available as printable worksheets with solutions, for example:

  • Area of a rectangle
  • Area of a rectangle in everyday life
  • Area of a rectangle: true or false, where statements are checked and justified
  • Area of a rectangle: sides k times as long
  • Area of a rectangle: comparing two areas
  • Area of a rectangle: shape with a cut-out corner
  • Missing side of a rectangle: choose the side
  • Missing side of a rectangle from the area
  • Area of a square: side from the area

Calculating with Hours, Minutes and Seconds

The child learns to name time spans in hours, minutes and seconds, to convert them, and to calculate with them.

Curriculum point MA.3.A.1.f can name and use units of measurement and their abbreviations: capacity (l, dl, cl, ml), weights (t, kg, g, mg), time (h, min, s). can orient themselves to reference quantities: 1 s, 1 min. can understand and use prefixes: kilo, deci, centi, milli. (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.3.A.2.g can calculate with lengths, weights, volumes and time specifications and convert corresponding quantities into neighbouring units of measurement. (our translation)

The children learn to name and use the units of time hour (h), minute (min) and second (s) with their abbreviations. In doing so, they develop a feeling for how long 1 second and 1 minute last. They calculate with time values and convert them into neighbouring units, for example minutes into seconds or hours into minutes.

A typical mistake occurs when time values are treated like decimal numbers. For example, 2 min 30 s is written as 2.30 min or as 230 s. The reason: our number system counts in steps of ten, but time counts in steps of sixty, because 60 s make 1 min and 60 min make 1 h. The same applies when adding: 1 h 45 min plus 30 min gives 2 h 15 min, not 1 h 75 min.

The worksheets mainly feature these types of tasks:

  • Word problem on duration: How long did it take?
  • Minutes and seconds into seconds: for example, converting 2 min 15 s into seconds.
  • Clock time: How many minutes have passed?
  • Comparing durations: Which time span is longer?
  • Choosing a time span: Determine the appropriate time span.
  • Minutes and seconds: right or wrong: Check whether statements are correct.

Solving Multi-Step Word Problems

Your child reads a multi-step math story, sets up the matching calculation, solves it, and checks whether the result fits the story.

Curriculum point MA.3.C.2.c can form basic operations with placeholders or inverse operations for arithmetic stories, solve them and interpret them (e.g. a present costs CHF 36, CHF 23 has been saved. How much is still missing?). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.3.C.2.d can ask questions about texts, tables and diagrams, carry out their own calculations, and interpret and check the results. (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.3.C.3.e can give meaning to arithmetic expressions and tables (e.g. 125 Fr. + 4 Fr. + 4 Fr. + 4 Fr. - 34 Fr. → 125 Fr. savings. 3 weeks at 4 francs pocket money each. Purchase of a ball for 34 Fr.). (our translation)

Your child learns to take a word problem with several pieces of information, form the matching calculation and interpret the result. This includes calculations with a placeholder or with the inverse operation, for example: A gift costs 36 francs, and 23 francs have already been saved. How much is still missing? The curriculum does not name a separate number range for this skill; its examples work with small amounts of francs such as 36 and 23 francs. Numbers up to one million belong to this topic in this grade, but they are not set here as a limit for these tasks.

Typically, children take the numbers from the story and combine them with the first operation that comes to mind. For "How much is still missing?" they then calculate 36 + 23 = 59 instead of 36 − 23 = 13. A second common error: with several steps, the child stops after the first step or names a number without saying what it means. That is why the task also includes checking: Does the result fit the story?

On the worksheets, this skill appears in three task types:

  • Multi-step word problem (combining): Several calculation steps are combined into one result.
  • Stock and sets: It is asked how many sets are possible at most, or the child chooses the number.
  • Word problem, three days: The child chooses the matching result or decides whether a statement is true or false.

The worksheets include solutions, so you can compare the solution method with your child.

Rounding decimal numbers: tenths and hundredths

The child learns to round decimal numbers to tenths or hundredths by checking the digit to the right of the rounding place.

Curriculum point MA.1.A.4.g recognise numbers that are divisible by 2, 5, 10, 100, 1'000. can round decimal numbers (e.g. 17'456 to the nearest hundred; 1.745 to the nearest tenth). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.1.A.4.i can write a product with equal factors as a power and vice versa (e.g. 15 · 15 · 15 = 15³ ; a · a · a · a = a⁴). can apply the distributive law when transforming terms (e.g. a · (b + c) = a · b + a · c = ab + ac). can round calculation results sensibly. Extension: understand the conventions for the notation of algebraic terms (e.g. abc = a · b · c but 789 ≠ 7 · 8 · 9). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.1.C.1.i can distinguish between exact and rounded results. decide, depending on the situation, whether to operate with rounded or exact values (e.g. √2 or 1.41). (our translation)

The child can round decimal numbers to a given place value, in Grade 4 to tenths and hundredths. For 1.745 to tenths, for example, it looks at the hundredths digit 4. Because this is less than 5, the tenths digit stays the same and the number becomes 1.7.

A typical mistake is simply dropping the digits at the end. For 1.759 to tenths, the result is 1.8, because the hundredths digit is 5 and the number is therefore rounded up. Anyone who only cuts off the digits writes 1.7 and has then not taken into account the digit to the right of the rounding place.

The teaching material includes four task types for this:

  • Round to tenths and Round to hundredths: The child rounds a given decimal number to the stated place value.
  • Round to tenths: choose the result: The child chooses the correctly rounded result from several options.
  • Round to tenths: true or false: The child decides whether a given rounding is correct and justifies this with the neighbouring digit.

Recognizing divisibility: by 2, 5, 10 and 9

The child recognizes from the last digits whether a number up to one million is divisible by 2, 5 or 10, and determines the remainder when dividing by 9 without dividing.

Curriculum point MA.1.A.4.g recognise numbers that are divisible by 2, 5, 10, 100, 1'000. can round decimal numbers (e.g. 17'456 to the nearest hundred; 1.745 to the nearest tenth). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.1.A.4.h can solve equations with variables by substitution or inverse operations. can follow the calculation rules "multiplication before addition" and the bracket rules (e.g. 4 + 8 - 2 · 3 = 6; (4 + 8 - 2) · 3 = 30; 4 + (8 - 2) · 3 = 22). Extension: can use divisibility rules for 3, 4, 6, 8, 9, 25, 50 and determine divisors of natural numbers. (our translation)

In 4th grade, the child can tell from the last digits of a number up to one million whether it is divisible by 2, 5 or 10, without dividing. For example, 17'456 ends in 6, so it is divisible by 2. 4'385 ends in 5, so it is divisible by 5. A number that ends in one or more zeros is divisible by 10, 100 or 1'000. The curriculum requires these points for the entire cycle; the templates in this area already print tasks for 4th grade on them.

A typical mistake: the child looks at the first digit instead of the last. Or it considers a number divisible by 10 because it ends in a 5. With the rule for 9, the following often happens: the child forms the digit sum, that is, the sum of the digits. For 1'238 it gives 14. Then it writes 14 as the remainder, even though 14 is greater than 9. The remainder is 5, because 14 minus 9 leaves 5. The rule for 9 belongs to the extension part of the curriculum.

A task might look like this: from a list of numbers, the child picks out those divisible by 2, 5 or 10 (template Teilbarkeit prüfen). For fehlende Ziffer, the child supplies the last digit so that the number is divisible by 2, 5 or 10. The template durch 2, 5 und 10 practises the three rules mixed together. For Rest bei Division durch 9 ohne zu dividieren, the child determines the remainder from the digits alone. The templates with 6, 12, 15 and 18 go beyond the points the curriculum explicitly names; the 6 appears there as an extension.

Adding and subtracting in written form

The child learns to write numbers one below the other in place-value columns, to add and subtract in written form, to record the calculation steps, and to check the result.

Curriculum point MA.1.A.3.d can note down calculation methods when adding and subtracting and check the results. can add and subtract in writing. know the products of the small multiplication table. (our translation)

The child can write multi-digit numbers one below the other in columns and add and subtract them in writing. In Year 4, they work with numbers up to one million. The method is written down so that it can be followed, and the result is checked, for example by a reverse calculation.

A typical mistake in subtraction happens when the child, in a column, subtracts the smaller digit from the larger one, regardless of which one is on top. For 503 − 268, they then calculate 8 − 3 instead of 3 − 8 and arrive at a wrong result. When the top number contains zeros, it is often overlooked that you must "exchange" a place value before you can continue calculating. In addition, the carry-over is often forgotten, i.e. the ten that moves into the next column.

In class, the child meets suitable tasks from these worksheets: Schriftlich addieren and Schriftlich subtrahieren for their own calculations, Schriftliche Subtraktion: Entbündeln über Nullen for targeted practice with zeros, as well as Schriftliche Addition: wähle das Ergebnis and the "right or wrong" tasks, in which the child checks a given calculation. Solutions for checking are available for all worksheets.

Rounding to tens and hundreds

The child learns to round natural numbers to the nearest ten or hundred by looking at the digit to the right of the place being rounded.

Curriculum point MA.1.A.4.f can transform products by doubling and halving (e.g. 8 · 26 = 4 · 52 = 2 · 104). can use the associative law for sums and products (e.g. 136 + 58 + 42 = 136 + (58 + 42); 38 · 4 · 25 = 38 · (4 · 25)). can round natural numbers to 10s, 100s and 1'000s. (our translation)

In Grade 4, the child can round numbers to the nearest ten, for example 46 to 50, and to the nearest hundred, for example 347 to 300. To do this, the child looks at which ten or hundred the number is closest to. The curriculum point additionally mentions rounding to thousands. However, the tasks in this grade level show tens and hundreds.

A typical mistake is that the child simply drops the last digits. Then 46 becomes 40 instead of 50, and 347 becomes 340 instead of 350. The reason: the child treats rounding like cutting off. What matters, however, is the digit to the right of the place. If it is 5 or more, the number is rounded up; otherwise, it is rounded down.

Typical tasks in this grade level are:

  • Round to the nearest ten and Round to the nearest hundred: The child rounds individual numbers.
  • Rounding to tens: choose the result and Rounding to hundreds: choose the result: The child chooses the correct rounded number from several answers.
  • Rounding to tens: true or false: The child checks whether a given rounding is correct. This helps to recognise the mistake of cutting off.

Radius and Diameter of a Circle

The child distinguishes between radius and diameter in a circle and converts back and forth between the two lengths.

Curriculum point MA.2.A.1.g understand and use the terms side, diagonal, diameter, radius, area, centre, parallel, line, straight line, line segment, grid, point of intersection, intersect, perpendicular, symmetry, reflection in an axis, perimeter, angle, right-angled, translation, geo-triangle. use the symbols for right angles and parallel lines. (our translation)

The child uses the terms radius and diameter. The radius is the distance from the centre to the edge of the circle. The diameter is the distance that passes through the centre and reaches from edge to edge. In the Lehrplan 21, these terms belong to a set of technical vocabulary that the child should understand and use. The curriculum point does not specify a number range for this.

A typical mistake is equating the radius with the diameter, or taking the length of the radius as the diameter. A child who has a radius of 6 cm then writes 6 cm for the diameter as well. The reason: the diameter runs across the whole circle and is therefore twice as long as the radius. The important rule is thus: diameter = 2 × radius, and conversely radius = diameter : 2.

The worksheet on this topic includes four types of task:

  • Calculating the diameter from the radius
  • Calculating the radius from the diameter
  • Radius from the diameter: choosing the matching result
  • Radius and diameter: deciding whether statements are right or wrong

The tasks show whether the child recognises the difference between the two terms and reliably applies doubling or halving.

Money Calculations: Budget, Remaining Amount and Better Deal

The children calculate with francs and centimes, plan a budget, work out the remaining amount and find the cheaper offer.

Curriculum point MA.3.A.1.j understand and use the terms coordinate system, currency, arithmetic mean (extension: inverse proportionality). can use units of measurement and their abbreviations and orient themselves to reference quantities: area measures (km², ha, a, m², dm², cm², mm²), volume measures (km³, m³, dm³, cm³, mm³), money (CHF, €, $). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.3.A.2.d can form, add and subtract amounts of money in Fr. and Rp. (e.g. form 20 Fr. with 2 · 5 Fr. + 5 · 2 Fr.; 25 Fr. 60 Rp. + 14 Fr. 30 Rp.). can determine analogue and digital times. (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.3.A.2.h can estimate, determine, compare and round measures (money, lengths, weight or mass, time, volume [l]), calculate with them, convert them into neighbouring units of measurement, and write them in compound units. (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.3.C.3.e can give meaning to arithmetic expressions and tables (e.g. 125 Fr. + 4 Fr. + 4 Fr. + 4 Fr. - 34 Fr. → 125 Fr. savings. 3 weeks at 4 francs pocket money each. Purchase of a ball for 34 Fr.). (our translation)

The children form amounts of money in francs and centimes (Rappen), add and subtract them, for example 25 Fr. 60 Rp. + 14 Fr. 30 Rp. They can read arithmetic expressions as a story: 125 Fr. + 4 Fr. + 4 Fr. + 4 Fr. − 34 Fr. means savings, three weeks of pocket money and the purchase of a ball for 34 Fr. The curriculum describes this goal for several school years. The numbers above are examples from the curriculum and not a fixed upper limit for Grade 4.

A typical mistake occurs when calculating with Rappen: someone who calculates 25 Fr. 70 Rp. + 14 Fr. 60 Rp. often writes 39 Fr. 130 Rp. instead of 40 Fr. 30 Rp. The child has forgotten that 100 Rp. make exactly 1 Fr. When comparing offers, another mistake often happens: the children only compare the total prices. With Offer A (2 balls for 16 Fr.) and Offer B (4 balls for 30 Fr.), A seems cheaper, but per ball B costs only 7 Fr. 50 Rp., whereas A costs 8 Fr.

The tasks for this skill look like this:

  • Comparing offers: Which one is cheaper?
  • Money word problem: How much is left after the purchase?
  • The cheaper offer: Choose the unit price, or decide true or false.
  • Budget: How much is left over? Multiple choice or true or false.

Reading, writing and comparing large numbers up to 1 million

The child reads and writes natural numbers up to one million, compares them with each other, and recognises that a digit has a different value depending on its place.

Curriculum point MA.1.A.1.f understand and use the terms addend, sum, difference, factor, product, quotient. can read and write natural numbers up to 1 million. (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.1.A.2.f can count forwards and backwards in appropriate steps within the number range up to 1 million, starting from any numbers (e.g. from 320'000 in steps of 20'000). can order numbers up to 1 million (e.g. determine the approximate position of 72'000 on a number line). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.1.B.3.c can use place-value charts when exploring arithmetic structures (e.g. placing counters into the place-value chart and moving them). (our translation)

In the number range up to 1 million, children read and write natural numbers and compare them with each other. In doing so, they learn that the value of a digit depends on the place it occupies: in 36'520, the 3 means thirty thousand and the 6 means six thousand. Year 4 works with numbers up to one million.

A typical mistake involves the zero in the middle. The number 5'036 is then written as 536, because the empty hundreds place is overlooked. When comparing, children often look only at the leading digit. So they think 9'000 is greater than 10'000, because 9 is greater than 1, without considering the number of places.

Typical tasks in this area are:

  • Compare large numbers: Two numbers are compared using the terms less than, greater than or equal to.
  • Place values: how many times as large: The child determines how often one number fits into another by comparing their place values.
  • Place value decomposition: the missing addend: For example, 47'000 = 40'000 + ?
  • Number from place values (zeros in the middle): The child puts the number together from thousands, hundreds, tens and ones and pays attention to empty places.
  • Value of a digit: The child chooses from answers which value a particular digit has in a number.
  • Place value: choose how many times as large: The child selects the correct answer to a place value comparison.

The worksheets are printable and include solutions so that parents can support the tasks well.

Calculating smartly: rearranging numbers cleverly

Your child learns to rewrite additions and multiplications by rearranging, splitting, or doubling and halving them so that they are easier to calculate.

Curriculum point MA.1.A.3.e can add and subtract up to 4 significant digits mentally (e.g. 320'000 + 38'000; 402 + 90). can multiply up to 4 significant digits (mentally or by writing down own calculation methods, e.g. 45 · 240). can divide natural numbers by one-digit divisors (mentally or by writing down own calculation methods, e.g. 231 : 7). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.1.A.4.f can transform products by doubling and halving (e.g. 8 · 26 = 4 · 52 = 2 · 104). can use the associative law for sums and products (e.g. 136 + 58 + 42 = 136 + (58 + 42); 38 · 4 · 25 = 38 · (4 · 25)). can round natural numbers to 10s, 100s and 1'000s. (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.1.B.2.g can check results of basic operations by simplifying (e.g. 8 · 13 = 4 · 26 = 2 · 52), decomposing (e.g. 17.8 + 23.5 = 17 + 3 + 20 + 1.3) and using inverse operations (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.1.C.1.e can represent, exchange and comprehend calculation methods for the basic operations (e.g. 80 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 = 80 + 4 · 5; 347 - 160 → 160 + 40 + 147 = 347). (our translation)

Your child learns to rewrite calculations so that they become simpler. For sums and products, numbers may be reordered or grouped with brackets without changing the result. The curriculum gives examples such as 136 + 58 + 42 = 136 + (58 + 42) = 136 + 100 or 38 · 4 · 25 = 38 · (4 · 25) = 38 · 100. The examples go up to numbers in the millions, but they apply to the whole learning cycle and not only to Grade 4.

A typical mistake when doubling and halving is that the child changes only one factor. From 8 · 26 they then get 16 · 26 instead of 4 · 52. The result becomes twice as large, because the other factor must also be halved. Moreover, the reordering rules apply only to addition and multiplication, not to subtraction or division.

On the worksheets, these strategies appear in two templates:

  • Adding cleverly: Partial sums are combined first, e.g. 136 + 58 + 42.
  • Multiplying cleverly: Products are simplified by doubling and halving or by reordering, e.g. 8 · 26 or 38 · 4 · 25.

The worksheets are printable and include solutions.

Estimating the approximate result in advance

The child learns to find an approximate result by rounding when calculating with large numbers, and to use it to check whether the exact result is plausible.

Curriculum point MA.1.A.2.g can count forwards and backwards from any decimal numbers in appropriate steps (e.g. from 0.725 in steps of 0.005). can order fractions with the denominators 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 20, 50, 100. can order decimal numbers (e.g. 1.043; 1.43; 1.05; 1.5; 1.403). can estimate basic operations with natural numbers (e.g. 13'567 + 28'902 ≈ 40'000; 592'000 : 195 ≈ 600'000 : 200). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.1.A.2.h can estimate sums and differences of decimal numbers (e.g. 0.723 - 0.04 ≈ 0.7; 23'268 + 4'785 ≈ 28'000). can estimate results in percentage calculations (e.g. 263 of 830 is about 30%; 45% of 13'000 is more than 5'000). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.1.A.2.i Extension: can estimate products and quotients of decimal numbers. (e.g. 0.382 : 42.8 → 0.4 : 40 = 0.4 : 4 : 10 = 0.01; 32.7 : 0.085 → 30 : 0.1 = 300 : 1 = 300). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.1.B.2.f Can check results using estimation calculations. Can investigate and justify the number of digits of products and quotients. (our translation)

In the number range up to one million, the child rounds the numbers of a sum to the nearest hundred and continues calculating with the rounded numbers. For 23'268 + 4'785, for example, 23'300 + 4'800 is calculated, so approximately 28'100. The exact result lies close to this and shows whether an exact calculation is plausible.

A typical mistake is truncating instead of rounding: 23'268 becomes 23'000 and 4'785 becomes 4'000, giving 27'000. The result becomes systematically too small. Many children think that leaving off the last digits is rounding. It helps to ask whether the rounded number is above or below the real number.

In everyday life in Grade 4, children encounter this task in three forms:

  • Estimating a sum: The child estimates the result of a sum.
  • Estimating a sum: choosing an estimate: From several estimated values, the child selects the appropriate one.
  • Estimating: choose the rounding to hundreds: The child decides how the numbers are rounded to the nearest hundred.

The curriculum points apply to the whole level. They also include estimating decimal numbers, percentages, products and quotients. These tasks are not included in the templates for this class.

Comparing fractions with different numerators and denominators by size

The child learns to compare two fractions with different numerators and denominators and to decide which one is larger.

Curriculum point MA.1.A.2.g can count forwards and backwards from any decimal numbers in appropriate steps (e.g. from 0.725 in steps of 0.005). can order fractions with the denominators 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 20, 50, 100. can order decimal numbers (e.g. 1.043; 1.43; 1.05; 1.5; 1.403). can estimate basic operations with natural numbers (e.g. 13'567 + 28'902 ≈ 40'000; 592'000 : 195 ≈ 600'000 : 200). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.1.C.2.g can illustrate regularities in the domain of natural numbers with examples (e.g. square numbers have an odd number of divisors → 16: 1, 2, 4, 8, 16). can represent fractions with denominators 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10 and compare them, as well as interpret representations (e.g. circle and rectangle models, number line). can describe number sequences with positive rational numbers (e.g. ½, ¼, ⅛, ...; 0.7, 0.77, 0.777, ...). (our translation)

In grade 4, the child compares fractions where the numerator and denominator differ, and decides which of two fractions is larger. The curriculum names fractions with the denominators 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8 and 10 for this area. This specification applies to the whole stage and not just to the 4th school year.

A typical mistake is to infer the size of the fraction directly from the number in the denominator. Because 8 is greater than 4, the child then thinks 1/8 is greater than 1/4. This is natural, because with whole numbers one is used to a larger number meaning more. With fractions, however, the rule is: the more parts a whole has, the smaller each individual part is.

On the worksheet, the child mainly encounters these task types:

  • Fractions with different denominators: compare, for example 2/3 and 3/4, which are to be linked with a comparison sign.
  • Fractions with the same numerator: compare, for example 2/5 and 2/8. Here it helps to consider how large the individual parts are.
  • Fractions: compare with one half, where it must be checked whether a fraction is smaller than, equal to, or greater than 1/2.

Simplifying fractions: value stays the same

Your child learns to write a fraction using smaller numbers while keeping the same value, by dividing the numerator and the denominator by the same number.

Curriculum point MA.1.A.3.f can add and subtract decimal numbers with up to 5 significant digits (mentally or by writing down their own calculation methods, e.g. 30.8 + 5.6). can simplify, expand, add and subtract fractions with the denominators 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 20, 50, 100 using the rectangle model. can carry out basic operations with a calculator. (our translation)

The curriculum requires that, for fractions with denominators 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 20, 50 and 100, fractions are simplified using the rectangle model. This point applies to the whole primary stage and not only to Year 4. The tasks that this area publishes for Year 4 show what is practised this school year: bringing simple fractions such as 4/8 or 6/8 to their simplest form, for example with a rectangle divided into equal parts.

The typical mistake is that children do not treat numerator and denominator as parts of the same whole, but as individual digits. They then cross out identical digits instead of dividing by a common number. In this way 16/64 becomes 1/4, because the 6 is crossed out. Another common mistake is not simplifying all the way: 4/8 becomes 2/4, and the child stops there, although 1/2 is simpler still.

When practising, your child will mainly encounter these types of tasks:

  • Simplify fractions: The fraction should be simplified as far as possible.
  • Simplify fractions: what was it divided by? The child recognises by which number the numerator and denominator were divided.
  • Simplify fractions: missing denominator and choose the missing denominator: The denominator of the simplified fraction is missing and must be filled in.
  • Simplify fractions: choose the new numerator: The numerator of the simplified fraction is the one to be found.

Distinguishing angles by their size

The child determines whether an angle is acute, right or obtuse, and calculates missing angles for complementary and supplementary angles.

Curriculum point MA.2.A.1.g understand and use the terms side, diagonal, diameter, radius, area, centre, parallel, line, straight line, line segment, grid, point of intersection, intersect, perpendicular, symmetry, reflection in an axis, perimeter, angle, right-angled, translation, geo-triangle. use the symbols for right angles and parallel lines. (our translation)

Your child learns to classify angles by their size. They determine the type of angle, recognise a right angle by its symbol, and use a protractor (Geodreieck) for this. The curriculum does not specify a separate number range for angles.

Children often judge the type of angle by the length of the arms instead of the opening. A short angle with a wide opening then seems "small", even though it is obtuse. In the arithmetic tasks, a different mistake often occurs: for complementary angles, children calculate with 180° instead of 90°, and for supplementary angles with 90° instead of 180°. For vertically opposite angles, some children think the two angles are of different sizes, even though they are equal.

In the worksheet, your child will encounter these task types:

  • Determine the type of angle: The child classifies an angle as acute, right or obtuse.
  • Complementary angles: The child calculates the other angle that, together with the given one, makes a right angle.
  • Supplementary angles: The child calculates the other angle that, together with the given one, forms a straight line.
  • Supplementary angles: The child chooses the other angle from the answer options.
  • Vertically opposite angles: The child selects the size of the angle opposite.

Finding the divisors of a number

Your child learns to find all the divisors of a natural number, that is, all the numbers that divide it without a remainder. The curriculum gives the example of 16, which has the divisors 1, 2, 4, 8 and 16. In addition, the child can explain using examples that square numbers have an odd number of divisors.

Curriculum point MA.1.A.1.g understand and use the terms fraction, percent, factor, multiples, numerator, denominator, estimate, round. use the symbols %, ≈. can read and write decimal numbers and fractions. (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.1.A.4.h can solve equations with variables by substitution or inverse operations. can follow the calculation rules "multiplication before addition" and the bracket rules (e.g. 4 + 8 - 2 · 3 = 6; (4 + 8 - 2) · 3 = 30; 4 + (8 - 2) · 3 = 22). Extension: can use divisibility rules for 3, 4, 6, 8, 9, 25, 50 and determine divisors of natural numbers. (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.1.C.2.g can illustrate regularities in the domain of natural numbers with examples (e.g. square numbers have an odd number of divisors → 16: 1, 2, 4, 8, 16). can represent fractions with denominators 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10 and compare them, as well as interpret representations (e.g. circle and rectangle models, number line). can describe number sequences with positive rational numbers (e.g. ½, ¼, ⅛, ...; 0.7, 0.77, 0.777, ...). (our translation)

Your child learns to find all divisors of a natural number, that is, all numbers that divide it without remainder. The curriculum gives the example of 16, with divisors 1, 2, 4, 8 and 16. In addition, the child can explain with examples that square numbers have an odd number of divisors.

When listing divisors, the 1 or the number itself is often missing, or a divisor is overlooked because the search is not systematic. For 16, these would be, for example, 1 · 16, 2 · 8 and 4 · 4. Whoever searches for divisors in pairs notices more quickly whether something is missing.

The tasks on the worksheets are designed to match this:

  • Give all divisors of a number
  • Divisors: how many are there?
  • Divisors of a number: choose the count
  • Divisors: smallest number with k divisors
  • Smallest number with k divisors: true or false

The divisibility rules for 3, 4, 6, 8, 9, 25 and 50 are listed in the curriculum as an extension. The term multiples is also mentioned, but there are no task templates for it in this area.

Single-digit number times tens number

Your child learns to multiply a single-digit number by a multiple of ten, for example 3 · 40 = 120, by multiplying the tens together and placing the value correctly.

Curriculum point MA.1.A.3.e can add and subtract up to 4 significant digits mentally (e.g. 320'000 + 38'000; 402 + 90). can multiply up to 4 significant digits (mentally or by writing down own calculation methods, e.g. 45 · 240). can divide natural numbers by one-digit divisors (mentally or by writing down own calculation methods, e.g. 231 : 7). (our translation)

Your child can multiply a single-digit number by a multiple of ten, for example 3 · 40 = 120. They think something like this: 3 · 4 tens are 12 tens, so 120. The Lehrplan 21 describes, for the whole stage band, multiplications with up to 4 significant digits, for example 45 · 240. In this class, the tasks mainly show the basic case: a single-digit number times a multiple of ten.

A typical mistake is that the child only calculates with the digits and forgets the zero. Then it says 12 instead of 120. Because of the tens, the result has one more digit place, and exactly this gets overlooked.

In class, your child will encounter tasks like these:

  • Multiplying tens: true or false – the child checks whether a calculation such as 4 · 30 = 120 is correct.
  • Multiplying by tens – the child works out the task themselves.
  • Multiplying tens: choose the result – the child chooses the correct answer from several solutions.

Writing Measurements with Two Units as Decimal Numbers

The child writes a length or mass given in two units (e.g. 2 m 35 cm) as a decimal number in the larger unit (2.35 m).

Curriculum point MA.3.A.2.h can estimate, determine, compare and round measures (money, lengths, weight or mass, time, volume [l]), calculate with them, convert them into neighbouring units of measurement, and write them in compound units. (our translation)

The child learns to rewrite a quantity given in two units as a single larger unit. For example, 2 m 35 cm is written as 2.35 m. The curriculum requires writing measurements in compound units and converting between neighbouring units of measurement. This curriculum point covers a whole school year and is not achieved in one step. In Year 4, the tasks mainly show the step to decimal numbers for lengths and other measures.

The typical mistake lies in place value. Centimetres are hundredths of a metre, so 5 cm = 0.05 m. Many children write 2 m 5 cm as 2.5 m, because they treat the 5 as tenths. Likewise, 2.035 m instead of 2.35 m sometimes arises when the digits are simply written one after the other.

On the worksheet, children encounter these task types, among others:

  • Measure in the larger unit: choose the decimal number – From several decimal numbers, the one that matches the given measurement is selected.
  • Measure in the larger unit: true or false – An equation such as 3 m 5 cm = 3.5 m is judged. This is exactly where the mistake described above can be checked well.
  • Stating a length as a decimal number – A length is written as a decimal number in the appropriate unit.

Tens jump on the number line

Your child learns to jump over a ten on the number line, starting from a given number, and to find the number reached.

Curriculum point MA.1.A.1.e understand and use the terms addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, remainder, number line, square number, hundreds, thousands, place values. can read and write natural numbers up to 1'000. (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.1.A.2.c can count forward in 1s, 2s, 5s and 10s in the number range up to 100. can order numbers in the 100s number range (e.g. on the number line and on the 100 chart). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.1.A.2.f can count forwards and backwards in appropriate steps within the number range up to 1 million, starting from any numbers (e.g. from 320'000 in steps of 20'000). can order numbers up to 1 million (e.g. determine the approximate position of 72'000 on a number line). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.1.B.3.b can use dot arrays, hundred charts and number lines when exploring arithmetic patterns (e.g. the positions of the 9 times table on the hundred chart). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.1.C.1.b can represent sums and understand representations (e.g. on the 20-frame or on the number line). (our translation)

Your child learns to jump along a number line and find the number reached by the jump. In Grade 4, the tasks mainly focus on the crossing-the-ten jump: you start at a number and jump five steps further over a ten, for example from 38 five steps to 43, where the jump passes over 40.

The curriculum for this area also mentions larger number ranges up to 1 million, such as counting in steps of 20'000 or roughly placing 72'000 on a number line. These points go beyond what the worksheets here cover. The templates are limited to crossing the ten.

A typical mistake is forgetting the ten when passing over 40. If a child only works with the ones, i.e. 8 plus 5 equals 13 and writes down only the 3, they land on 33 instead of 43. They then do not jump over the ten but get stuck within the ones.

In the task "Crossing the ten on the number line", the child works directly on the line with the jump over the ten. In "Crossing the ten: choose the number", they select the correct target number from several options. In "Crossing the ten: true or false", they decide whether a given jump calculation is correct. All sheets are printable and include solutions.

Multiplying Multi-Digit Numbers by a Single Digit

Your child learns to multiply a multi-digit number by a single-digit number written one below the other, also taking into account carrying over from one place value to the next.

Curriculum point MA.1.A.3.e can add and subtract up to 4 significant digits mentally (e.g. 320'000 + 38'000; 402 + 90). can multiply up to 4 significant digits (mentally or by writing down own calculation methods, e.g. 45 · 240). can divide natural numbers by one-digit divisors (mentally or by writing down own calculation methods, e.g. 231 : 7). (our translation)

The Lehrplan 21 expects children to multiply numbers with up to 4 place values, for example 45 · 240, either in their heads or with their own notes. This requirement applies to the whole stage and not only to Year 4. In this class, the tasks mainly show written multiplication of a multi-digit number by a single-digit number, for example 246 · 3, written one below the other.

A typical mistake involves carrying. For 47 · 6, the child calculates 7 · 6 = 42, writes the 2 underneath and remembers the 4 for the tens. Then it calculates 4 · 6 = 24. The remembered 4 is then often forgotten, so that 24 is written instead of 28 and the result becomes 242 instead of 282. The reason is usually that carrying is a separate intermediate step, which is easily lost during calculation.

In Year 4 mathematics lessons, your child will encounter the following types of tasks:

  • Multiply by a single-digit number in writing: Tasks such as 246 · 3 or 47 · 6, which are calculated one below the other.
  • Written multiplication in a word problem: A short text problem in which multiplication is needed, for example: How much do 6 exercise books cost at 35 francs each?
  • Written multiplication: the missing factor: An equation with an empty box, such as ? · 4 = 368.
  • Written multiplication: choose the missing factor: The same idea, in which the child must find the matching factor from given options.
  • Written multiplication: choose the result: The child chooses the correct result from several answers and can thus compare and check calculation errors.

Converting Volume Units: Liters and Deciliters

The child learns to convert capacity units such as litres and decilitres into a smaller or larger unit and to compare capacity units with one another.

Curriculum point MA.3.A.1.f can name and use units of measurement and their abbreviations: capacity (l, dl, cl, ml), weights (t, kg, g, mg), time (h, min, s). can orient themselves to reference quantities: 1 s, 1 min. can understand and use prefixes: kilo, deci, centi, milli. (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.3.A.2.e can estimate, measure and convert between neighbouring units of measurement: l, dl; m, cm, mm; kg, g (e.g. 2'000 g = 2 kg). can add, subtract and multiply quantities: l, dl; m, cm, mm; kg, g (e.g. 3 cm 5 mm + 2 cm 7 mm). can estimate lengths, volumes and weights and compare them with representative examples. (our translation)

The child names and uses the liquid measures litre (l), decilitre (dl), centilitre (cl) and millilitre (ml). The curriculum requires converting neighbouring units such as litres and decilitres into each other. The curriculum point does not give its own number range for liquid measures. The prefix helps: deci means a tenth, so 1 l = 10 dl and 3 l = 30 dl.

A typical mistake: when converting into a smaller unit, the number is not made larger but is left the same or divided, for example 3 l = 3 dl. This often comes from the idea that a smaller unit also gives a smaller number. The correct idea is: whoever changes to smaller units needs more of them, so the number becomes larger.

In Year 4, the printed tasks mainly show these forms:

  • "Convert to a smaller unit of liquid measure" and "Convert to a larger unit of liquid measure"

  • "Liquid measure units: compare"

  • "Liquid measures: true or false"

  • "Volume in a smaller unit: choose the result"

Value for one: calculate price and quantity

The child learns to work out, from a given amount for several items, the value for a single item, such as the price of one when several items are offered together.

Curriculum point MA.3.A.3.e can record functional relationships in tables of values (e.g. distances covered at a speed of 4.5 km/h after 10 min, 20 min, 30 min, ...). can work with proportional relationships (e.g. 300 g of cheese at 20 Fr./kg; fuel consumption for 700 km at 6 l/100 km). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.3.B.1.e can formulate questions about relationships between quantities, investigate them, and check functional relationships (e.g. the fill level of ½ litre, 1 litre, 2 litres in different containers; the ratio between price and weight of a product; the weight of a light drink and a lemonade). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.3.B.1.g can formulate and justify functional relationships, in particular for price-performance and distance-time (e.g. purchase of drinks offered in different pack sizes). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.3.C.3.f can describe relationships in a proportional table of values (e.g. the number of min per km travelled). (our translation)

The child finds the value for one unit by dividing the total value by the number of units. If 4 notebooks together cost 12 francs, one notebook costs 3 francs. The curriculum gives examples such as price per kilogram or consumption per 100 kilometres. However, these points describe a longer period than just the 4th grade. The task types below show what is concretely required in this grade.

Often a child only compares the total prices of two packs and considers the larger one to be more expensive, even though it is cheaper per piece. The reason: they do not consider the quantity as the basis for comparison. A second source of error is confusing multiplication and division when it is unclear whether the value for one is being sought or the value for several.

The worksheet shows this in these task types, all of which are printed with solutions:

  • Value for one: Word problem in which you calculate how much a single item costs.
  • Unit price: Where is it cheaper? Two offers are compared using the price per item.
  • Value for one unit: The correct result is selected from several results.
  • Value for one unit: A given solution is judged as correct or incorrect.

Division by a single-digit number

Your child learns to divide natural numbers by a single-digit number, for example 231 : 7, and to state a remainder when one is left over.

Curriculum point MA.1.A.3.e can add and subtract up to 4 significant digits mentally (e.g. 320'000 + 38'000; 402 + 90). can multiply up to 4 significant digits (mentally or by writing down own calculation methods, e.g. 45 · 240). can divide natural numbers by one-digit divisors (mentally or by writing down own calculation methods, e.g. 231 : 7). (our translation)

The Lehrplan 21 describes this skill: natural numbers are divided by single-digit divisors, either in one's head or with one's own written calculation steps. As an example it cites 231 : 7. The skill is built up over several school years. In the 4th grade, the level is shown above all in written division by a single-digit number.

A typical mistake at the start: the child divides using the first digit, even though it is smaller than the divisor. With 231 : 7, the 2 is smaller than 7, so one must begin with 23. A second common mistake is not bringing the remainder down to the next digit, or giving a remainder that is larger than the divisor.

On the worksheets, the topic appears as the task "Dividing by a single-digit number in writing", each with solutions for checking. As a suggestion for home, not as a curriculum requirement: let the child check the result with the multiplication check.

  • Quotient times divisor, plus remainder, gives the original number.
  • The remainder is always smaller than the divisor.

Reading and comparing diagrams and tables

The child can read values from bar charts and tables, compare bars with one another, and find the sum of several bars.

Curriculum point MA.3.A.1.h understand and use the terms proportionality, area, volume, capacity, mean, pie chart, bar chart, line graph, data, frequency, chance, memory. can orient themselves to reference quantities: 1 m², 1 dm², 1 cm², 1 mm², 1 bit, 1 byte, 1 kB. can name units of measurement and use their abbreviations: area units (km², m², dm², cm², mm²), time (d, h, min, s). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.3.C.1.e can collect, sort, represent and interpret data statistically (e.g. school routes: distance, means of transport, duration). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.3.C.1.g can represent and interpret data on lengths, capacities, weights, durations, quantities and prices in diagrams using a computer. can compare the probabilities of individual events. (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.3.C.2.e recognise proportional relationships in real-life situations (e.g. between number of steps and distance). can process information from factual texts, tables, diagrams and pictures from the media. (our translation)

In the 4th grade, children work with numbers up to one million. When reading diagrams and tables, this means they read off values, compare them and continue calculating with them. For example, they can determine which bar is the highest, how much more one bar shows than another, and how large the sum of several bars is.

A typical mistake: the child only compares the height of the bars and ignores the scale. If the axis does not start at 0, or one line stands for 10 or 100, the visual impression is misleading. In the question "how much more", the difference is often not stated; instead, one of the two values is given.

Typical tasks at this level, as they are printed in this area:

  • Comparing bars: Which bar is the highest, which is the lowest, and how are the values related to each other?
  • How much more – true or false: A statement about a bar chart is checked, e.g. "The bar for the bus is 30 higher than the one for the bicycle."
  • Reading a diagram – sum of the bars: The child chooses the correct sum from the bar values read off and calculates it.

The curriculum also names line graphs and pie charts as technical terms. The tasks in this area mainly show bar charts.

Reading and writing decimal numbers

The child can read and write decimal numbers with tenths, hundredths and thousandths digits, and can name the place value of a digit.

Curriculum point MA.1.A.1.g understand and use the terms fraction, percent, factor, multiples, numerator, denominator, estimate, round. use the symbols %, ≈. can read and write decimal numbers and fractions. (our translation)

The child reads and writes decimal numbers with tenths, hundredths and thousandths, such as 3.25 or 0.507, and recognises which place value a particular digit represents. The curriculum does not name a number range for this. However, the task templates for this area show that the digits extend up to the thousandths.

A typical mistake occurs when the child treats decimal numbers like whole numbers. It then writes five hundredths as 0.5 instead of 0.05, because it simply places the digits one after another and overlooks the places after the decimal point. Similarly, 0.3 and 0.03 get confused. It helps to assign each digit to a place value and to name the places aloud: tenths, hundredths, thousandths.

In class, the child meets this content in tasks such as:

  • Reading the hundredths digit: Determine the hundredths digit in a number.
  • Place value in decimal numbers: value of a digit: State the value of a digit, for example the 4 in 2.47.
  • Place value in decimal numbers: decomposition: Break a number down into its place values.
  • Place value in decimal numbers: choose the thousandths digit: Select the thousandths digit of a number.
  • Decimal number: choose the value of the digit: Choose the correct value of a digit from several options.

Reading coordinates: points in the coordinate system

Your child learns to read the coordinates of a point in the coordinate system: first the x-coordinate, then the y-coordinate.

Curriculum point MA.2.A.1.h understand and use the terms coordinates, view, side view, top view, front view. (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.2.A.1.j understand and use the terms x-coordinate, y-coordinate, x-axis, y-axis, unit length, lateral surface, prism, cylinder. be able to characterise triangles and quadrilaterals by their angles, parallelism, diagonals and side lengths. (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.2.C.4.d can draw figures in a coordinate system, shift them horizontally and vertically, and state the coordinates of their vertices. (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.2.C.4.f can draw figures in a coordinate system and determine the coordinates of points (e.g. span figures on the geoboard according to coordinates and draw them). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.2.C.4.h can represent spatial relationships of objects to scale in a coordinate system (e.g. the school playground). (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.2.C.4.i can represent figures in the Cartesian coordinate system (including with negative and non-integer coordinates). can calculate distances and areas in a coordinate system. (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.3.A.1.j understand and use the terms coordinate system, currency, arithmetic mean (extension: inverse proportionality). can use units of measurement and their abbreviations and orient themselves to reference quantities: area measures (km², ha, a, m², dm², cm², mm²), volume measures (km³, m³, dm³, cm³, mm³), money (CHF, €, $). (our translation)

In 4th grade, your child learns to read the coordinates of a point in a coordinate system. It always names the x-coordinate first (how far the point goes to the right) and then the y-coordinate (how far it goes up), for example as the pair (3|2). The curriculum also requires that figures can be drawn using coordinates, for instance on a geoboard. For this level, the curriculum gives no more precise information about the range of the coordinates.

A typical mistake is swapping the two numbers: the child writes (2|3), even though the point is at (3|2). The order (first horizontal, then vertical) is a rule that has to be remembered, which is why it is easily confused.

The exercises on this topic show this in different forms:

  • Reading the coordinates of a point: The child writes down the coordinates of a marked point.
  • Coordinate of a point: right or wrong: The child checks whether a given statement is correct.
  • Coordinate of a point: choose the first / the second: The child recognises which number is the x-coordinate and which is the y-coordinate.

The worksheets include solutions with which you can check the answers. Plotting points in a coordinate system is not specifically included in these types of exercises.

Calendar Arithmetic: Converting Weeks and Days

Your child learns to convert weeks into days and vice versa, and knows that one week has seven days.

Curriculum point MA.3.A.2.g can calculate with lengths, weights, volumes and time specifications and convert corresponding quantities into neighbouring units of measurement. (our translation)

Your child works with time measurements and converts them into the neighbouring unit. This area focuses specifically on weeks and days: your child can work out how many days, for example, three weeks make, using the fact that one week has seven days. The tasks in this area revolve around this conversion.

A typical mistake is to think in the decimal system or to think only of school days. Then two weeks become ten or twenty days instead of fourteen. In that case, the child carries over habits from counting in steps of ten or calculates with a five-day week.

Printed tasks on this topic are called, for example:

  • Weeks and days: how many days are that – Your child works out how many days a given number of weeks makes.
  • Weeks and days: choose the number of days – Your child selects the correct number of days for a given number of weeks.
  • Weeks and days: true or false – Your child checks statements such as "3 weeks are 21 days" and decides whether they are correct.

Distinguishing between line segment, ray, or line

Your child learns to distinguish between a line segment, a ray and a straight line, and to use the terms intersection point, parallel and perpendicular correctly.

Curriculum point MA.2.A.1.g understand and use the terms side, diagonal, diameter, radius, area, centre, parallel, line, straight line, line segment, grid, point of intersection, intersect, perpendicular, symmetry, reflection in an axis, perimeter, angle, right-angled, translation, geo-triangle. use the symbols for right angles and parallel lines. (our translation)

Your child learns to distinguish the three basic forms: a line segment has two endpoints and is bounded. A ray has only one starting point and continues indefinitely in one direction. A line continues indefinitely in both directions. This area also includes the terms intersection point, intersect, parallel and perpendicular, as well as the symbols for right angles and parallel lines. The term Geodreieck (geometry triangle ruler) also belongs to this area.

Rays and line segments are often confused because both have a beginning. When counting the segments on a line, a typical mistake also often happens: only the parts between directly neighbouring points are counted. Segments that run across a point are then forgotten. The reason is that a line segment is determined by its two endpoints, not by the neighbouring points.

In practice exercises, your child will encounter these types of tasks:

  • Line segment, ray or line?: A drawing or description is matched to the correct term.
  • Endpoints of a figure: true or false: It is checked whether the named points are actually endpoints.
  • Line segments on a line: choose the number and Line segments on a line: how many?: Points lying on a line are connected, and the resulting line segments are counted.

Recognizing and naming geometric solids

Your child learns to recognize cube, cuboid, sphere, cylinder and pyramid in the environment and in pictures and to name them correctly.

Curriculum point MA.2.A.1.f recognize and name geometric solids (cube, cuboid, sphere, cylinder, pyramid) and shapes in the environment and in pictures. (our translation)

Your child recognises cube, cuboid, sphere, cylinder and pyramid and can name them, for example from objects in the room or from pictures. No number range is set for this topic; it is about shapes, not calculating.

A typical mistake: a solid is named based on its first impression. A cylinder is then called a sphere, because both look round, and a cuboid is called a cube, because it looks like a box. The child pays too little attention to the flat faces, the edges and the corners, which make the difference.

Suitable tasks from this specialist teaching materials series are:

  • Edges of a solid: true or false, where statements about edges are checked.
  • Which solid is this? Choose the name, where the matching name is chosen from several options.
  • Which solid is this?, where the solid is named without choosing from options.

Cones are not explicitly mentioned in the underlying learning objective.

Recognizing and Checking Cube Nets

Your child learns to draw cube nets from squares and to check whether a drawn figure can be folded into a cube.

Curriculum point MA.2.B.2.b can use heuristic strategies: change lines and angles, sketch examples, compare figures and solids. can check nets of cubes and cuboids by folding. (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.2.C.1.g can build cubes and cuboids from squares and rectangles and vice versa, and draw the net of cubes and cuboids by unfolding. (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.2.C.1.k can sketch prisms and pyramids and represent them as oblique drawings, in top view, front view and side view, as well as draw their nets. (our translation)
Curriculum point MA.2.C.3.d can change the position of a figure or a cuboid in their imagination as well as describe changes (e.g. rotate a desk by 180° in their imagination). can check cube and cuboid nets in their imagination. (our translation)

Your child can build a cube from squares and, conversely, draw the net of a cube by unfolding it. They check a net by folding paper and also in their mind, without the figure having to be cut out. The curriculum also mentions cuboid nets as well as prisms and pyramids; however, there is no task template for this in the 4th grade area. No number range is given for this topic because it is about surfaces and solids.

A typical mistake is that the child only counts the squares. Six squares do not automatically make a cube net: two squares can end up on the same face of the cube when folded, while another face remains open. The child then pays attention to the number and not to which edges come together when folding.

Matching this topic, there is the task Cube net: true or false. The child sees a figure made of squares and decides whether it is a cube net. To check, the child can cut out the figure and fold it, or go through the folding process in their mind.

Free sample worksheets for this grade (PDF)

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Outside the curriculum — extra tasks

Tasks that this grade's curriculum does not include, but other countries teach at this level. Free, like everything here, and never mixed into the topics or the ready-made tests of the curriculum.